Downtown-Denver-Colorado.jpg
June 3 - 7, 2026
Denver, Colorado
CVPR 2026

Overview

The IEEE / CVF Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Conference (CVPR) is the premier annual computer vision event comprising the main conference and several co-located workshops and short courses.

Sponsorship Details

Accepted publications

Workshops

CVPR 2026 Workshop on Grounded Retrieval and Agentic Intelligence for Vision-Language (GRAIL-V)
June 3
Website: Link

Accepted Papers:
"CoCoA-DVC: Consistency and Concept Aware Training for Dense Video Captioning", presented by Jay Nitin Paranjape, Yue Guo, Sankar Venkataraman, Vishal M. Patel, Nataraj Jammalamadaka

"HTEF: Holistic Brand-Theme Alignment Scoring as a Catalog Gate for Grounded Conversational Recommendation", presented by Mahmudur Rahman, Dhruv Garg, Rishabh Rathod, Sanket Bindle

"Learning to Mix Flat and Curved Representations for Vision-Language Retrieval", presented by Kathy Wu, Sarthak Srivastava

"RAGENT: Robust Optimization for Grounded Vision-Language Retrieval", presented by Kathy Wu, Sarthak Srivastava

"ViSS-R1: Self-Supervised Reinforcement Video Reasoning", presented by Bo Fang, YuXin Song, Haoyuan Sun, Xinyao Zhang, Qiangqiang Wu, Wenhao Wu, Antoni B. Chan

Location: Room 506

Description: A CVPR 2026 workshop for researchers and practitioners building grounded multimodal retrieval, reranking, and verification systems that can be deployed with confidence.
12th International Workshop on Computer Vision in Sports (CVsports) at CVPR 2026
June 4
Website: Link

Poster Presenter: Kevin Song

Location: Room 503

Description: Computer vision has recently started to play an important role in sports, in particular for performance optimization and analytics, and in media productions, where computer vision-based graphics in real-time enhances different aspects of the game. The potential of computer vision algorithms in sports is huge, ranging from automatic annotation of broadcast footage, through to better understanding of sport injuries, coaching, and enhanced viewing. The ambition of this workshop is to bring together practitioners and researchers from different disciplines to share ideas and methods on current and future use of computer vision in sports.
2nd Workshop on Video Large Language Models
June 4
Website: Link

Organizing Committee:

General Chairs: Larry Davis, Rene Vidal, Son Tran, Vimal Bhat, Garin Kessler, Kushan Thakkar, Jayakrishnan Unnikrishnan

Program Chairs: Rohit Gupta, Swetha Sirnam, Bhagyashree Puranik

Location: 3A-3D

Description: The VidLLMs Workshop focuses on the latest advancements and challenges of Video Large Language Models. We aim to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to discuss open problems, applications, and future directions in this space. Join us at CVPR 2026 for a full-day event exploring the latest in Video Large Language Models and engage with leading experts, participate in challenge tracks, and discover the future of video understanding.
CVPR 2026 Workshop on Medical Reasoning with Vision Language Foundation Models
June 4
Website: Link

Invited Speakers: Maria Xenochristou

Location: Room 110

Description: The CVPR 2026 Workshop on Medical Reasoning with Vision Language Foundation Models (Med-Reasoner) aims to bring together computer vision researchers, medical AI experts, imaging scientists, and practicing clinicians to discuss state-of-the-art advancements, applications, and challenges in reasoning capabilities for medical vision-language models. The workshop will foster discussions that inspire innovation in interpretable medical AI and address real-world deployment challenges including privacy constraints, workflow integration into healthcare systems, and ensuring fairness across patient populations. Through invited talks from leading researchers at Google DeepMind, Stanford, MIT, and University of Toronto, contributed paper presentations, interactive poster sessions, and expert panel discussions, we will establish reasoning architectures and evaluation frameworks that advance healthcare applications with the potential to impact millions of patients globally.
CVPR 2026 Workshop on Personalization in Generative AI
June 4
Website: Link

Oral Presentation #1: "MakeupMirror: Improving Facial Attribute Preservation in Diffusion Models for Makeup Transfer", presented by Michael Opitz

Location: Room 4CD

Description: The P13N: Personalization in Generative AI workshop aims to unite researchers, practitioners, and artists from academia and industry to explore the challenges and opportunities in personalized generative systems.

Generative AI has revolutionized creativity and problem-solving across domains, yet personalization remains one of the most challenging and underexplored frontiers. Building systems that understand and adapt to individual users’ preferences, identities, or contexts raises profound technical, ethical, and societal questions. Through invited talks, panel discussions, poster sessions, and hands-on challenges, P13N serves as a platform to foster new directions in model design, evaluation, and governance for personalized generative systems.
The Seventh Annual Embodied Artificial Intelligence Workshop
June 4
Website: Link

Challenge Organizers: Xiaofeng Gao

Location: Room 107

Description: The goal of the Embodied AI workshop is to bring together researchers from computer vision, language, graphics, and robotics to share and discuss the latest advances in embodied intelligent agents. EAI 2026’s overaching theme is World Models for Embodied AI: embodied AI agents that create models of the world to help them imagine and act, or to help researchers to test and evaluate them. This umbrella theme is divided into three topics:
  • World Models for Action and Evaluation Explores both dynamics models which incorporate physics and geometry, and video models where dynamics are implicit.
  • The Resurgence of Classic Methods Examining new applications of techniques such as reinforcement learning and model-predictive control to embodied AI.
  • Long-Horizon Embodied Intelligence Explores benchmarks and methods for multi-step tasks, robust testing, and, in particular, safe operation.
VAND 4.0 Challenge at CVPR'26
June 4
Website: Link

Co-organizers of VAND 4.0 Challenge: Sebastian Höfer, Dorian Henning, Anton Milan


Invited Speaker: "Visual Defect Detection in Retail Logistics: The Kaputt Dataset and VAND 4.0 Retail Challenge", presented by Sebastian Höfer at 3:30 - 4:00 pm

Location: Room 601

Description: Our workshop challenge aims to showcase current progress in anomaly detection across different practical settings while addressing critical issues in the field. Building on the encouraging results from previous years — including the VAND 3.0 challenge — this edition sets its sights even higher, pushing the boundaries of robust and generalizable anomaly detection models for real-world use cases, for the first time including both industrial and retail logistics focused competitions.

Booth Schedule

Friday, June 5
June 5
Demos

10:30 - 11:00am - "CompAgent: An Agentic Framework for Visual Compliance Verification" and "MARBLE: Multi-Agent Retrieval via Belief-Propagation and Fine-Grained Language-Vision Evidence", presented by Chun-Hao Liu and Rahul Ghosh

11:00 - 11:30am - "Amazon Photos: Chat with Photos", presented by Raja Bala

1:30 - 2:00pm - "Apollo: Agentic Marketing Creative for E-Commerce", presented by Kathy Wu

2:00 - 2:30pm - "The Kaputt Dataset and the Visual Anomaly and Novelty Detection (VAND) Challenge: Advancing the State of the Art in Visual Defect Detection", presented by Sebastian Hoefer and Dorian Henning


Come chat with us about:

10:30 - 11:00am - 3D Reconstruction, 3D Scene Understanding, Computer Vision, Efficient AI, Generative AI, Image Processing, LLM/VLM Post-Training (SFT and RL), Restoration and Enhancement, Sensor Fusion, Vision Language Models

11:00 - 11:30am - Agentic AI, Anomaly Detection, Computer Vision, Fraud Prevention, Large Language Models, Multi-Agent Trajectory Classification and Prediction, Robotics, Sports Analytics, Vision Language Models

1:00 - 1:30pm - AI and Creativity, Computer Vision, Multimodal Large Language Models, Video Machine Learning, Vision Language Action, Vision Language Models

2:00 - 2:30pm - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Vision, Evaluation, Generative AI, Health AI, Large Language Models, Machine Learning, Multimodal Machine Learning, Reinforcement Learning, Robotics, Speech Processing and Synthesis, Trust & Safety, Video Understanding and Synthesis, Vision Language Models

4:00 - 4:30pm - Diffusion, Efficient Vision Language Models, Large Language Models, Multimodal Image, Video Understanding, Unified Vision Language Models, Visual Agents
Saturday, June 6
June 6
Demos

1:30 - 2:00pm - "Universal Guideline-Driven Image Clustering via a Hybrid LLM Agent", presented by Wenliang Zhong

2:00 - 2:30pm - "Vulcan Stow: A Robot With a Sense of Touch", presented by Bhavya Goyal

3:30 - 4:00pm - "Science Internships @ Amazon Informational", presented by Ankita Goyal (Science Recruiter for Amazon University Talent Acquisition)

4:00 - 4:30pm - "Demonstrating the Innovation Done in Prime Video", presented by Vimal Bhat



Come chat with us about:

10:00 - 10:30am - Computational Photography, Computer Vision, Diffusion, Large Language Models, Novel Sensing and Camera, Robot Perception, Unified Vision Language Models, Vision Language Model Post-Training

11:30 - 12:00pm - Audio-Visual Modeling, Computer Vision, Multimodal LLMs, Multi-Agent Trajectory Classification and Prediction, Multimodal Foundation Models, Multimodal Understanding and Generation, Post-Training, Speech-to-Speech, Sports Analytics, System Optimization

1:30 - 2:00pm - Computer Vision, Foundational Models, Image Generation, Multimodal Large Language Models, Multimodal Learning, Object Detection/Classification, Video Understanding, Video Vision New Advancements

2:00 - 2:30pm - Biomedical LLMs, Computer Vision, Generative AI, Machine Learning, Metric Learning, Protein Engineering, Robotics

3:00 - 3:30pm - Concept Personalization, Flow Matching/Diffusion Model, Image/Video Generation Editing, Reinforcement Learning

3:30 - 4:00pm - Computer Vision, Diffusion Models, Generative Models
Sunday, June 7
June 7
Demos

2:00 - 2:30pm - "Vision at the Edge: The AI Behind Amazon's Smart AR Delivery Glasses", presented by Yelin Kim


Come chat with us about:

10:00 - 10:30am - Computational Photography, Computer Vision, Novel Sensing and Camera, Road User 3D Object Detection/Tracking/Prediction, Robot Perception, Vehicular Bird's-Eye View Models, Vehicular On-Board Machine Learning & Computer Vision
US, WA, Seattle
Shape the Future of Visual Intelligence Are you passionate about pushing the boundaries of computer vision and shaping the future of visual intelligence? Join Amazon and embark on an exciting journey where you'll develop cutting-edge algorithms and models that power our groundbreaking computer vision services, including Amazon Rekognition, Amazon Go, Visual Search, and more! At Amazon, we're combining computer vision, mobile robots, advanced end-of-arm tooling, and high-degree of freedom movement to solve real-world problems at an unprecedented scale. As an intern, you'll have the opportunity to build innovative solutions where visual input helps customers shop, anticipate technological advances, work with leading-edge technology, focus on highly targeted customer use-cases, and launch products that solve problems for Amazon customers worldwide. Throughout your journey, you'll have access to unparalleled resources, including state-of-the-art computing infrastructure, cutting-edge research papers, and mentorship from industry luminaries. This immersive experience will not only sharpen your technical skills but also cultivate your ability to think critically, communicate effectively, and thrive in a fast-paced, innovative environment where bold ideas are celebrated. Join us at the forefront of applied science, where your contributions will shape the future of AI and propel humanity forward. Seize this extraordinary opportunity to learn, grow, and leave an indelible mark on the world of technology. Amazon has positions available for Computer Vision Applied Science Internships in, but not limited to, Arlington, VA; Boston, MA; Cupertino, CA; Minneapolis, MN; New York, NY; Portland, OR; Santa Clara, CA; Seattle, WA; Bellevue, WA; Santa Clara, CA; Sunnyvale, CA. Key job responsibilities We are particularly interested in candidates with expertise in: Vision - Language Models, Object Recognition/Detection, Computer Vision, Large Language Models (LLMs), Programming/Scripting Languages, Facial Recognition, Image Retrieval, Deep Learning, Ranking, Video Understanding, Robotics In this role, you will work alongside global experts to develop and implement novel, scalable algorithms and modeling techniques that advance the state-of-the-art in areas of visual intelligence. You will tackle challenging, groundbreaking research problems to help build solutions where visual input helps the customers shop, anticipate technological advances, work with leading edge technology, focus on highly targeted customer use-cases, and launch products that solve problems for Amazon customers. The ideal candidate should possess the ability to work collaboratively with diverse groups and cross-functional teams to solve complex business problems. A successful candidate will be a self-starter, comfortable with ambiguity, with strong attention to detail and the ability to thrive in a fast-paced, ever-changing environment. A day in the life - Collaborate with Amazon scientists and cross-functional teams to develop and deploy cutting edge computer vision solutions into production. - Dive into complex challenges, leveraging your expertise in areas such as Vision-Language Models, Object Recognition/Detection, Large Language Models (LLMs), Facial Recognition, Image Retrieval, Deep Learning, Ranking, Video Understanding, and Robotics. - Contribute to technical white papers, create technical roadmaps, and drive production-level projects that will support Amazon Science. - Embrace ambiguity, strong attention to detail, and a fast-paced, ever-changing environment as you own the design and development of end-to-end systems. - Engage in knowledge-sharing, mentorship, and career-advancing resources to grow as a well-rounded professional.
DE, BE, Berlin
Are you a MS or PhD student interested in a 2026 internship in the field of machine learning, deep learning, generative AI, large language models, speech technology, robotics, computer vision, optimization, operations research, quantum computing, automated reasoning, or formal methods? If so, we want to hear from you! We are looking for students interested in using a variety of domain expertise to invent, design and implement state-of-the-art solutions for never-before-solved problems. You can find more information about the Amazon Science community as well as our interview process via the links below; https://www.amazon.science/ https://amazon.jobs/content/en/career-programs/university/science https://amazon.jobs/content/en/how-we-hire/university-roles/applied-science Key job responsibilities As an Applied Science Intern, you will own the design and development of end-to-end systems. You’ll have the opportunity to write technical white papers, create roadmaps and drive production level projects that will support Amazon Science. You will work closely with Amazon scientists and other science interns to develop solutions and deploy them into production. You will have the opportunity to design new algorithms, models, or other technical solutions whilst experiencing Amazon’s customer focused culture. The ideal intern must have the ability to work with diverse groups of people and cross-functional teams to solve complex business problems. A day in the life At Amazon, you will grow into the high impact person you know you’re ready to be. Every day will be filled with developing new skills and achieving personal growth. How often can you say that your work changes the world? At Amazon, you’ll say it often. Join us and define tomorrow. Some more benefits of an Amazon Science internship include; • All of our internships offer a competitive stipend/salary • Interns are paired with an experienced manager and mentor(s) • Interns receive invitations to different events such as intern program initiatives or site events • Interns can build their professional and personal network with other Amazon Scientists • Interns can potentially publish work at top tier conferences each year About the team Applicants will be reviewed on a rolling basis and are assigned to teams aligned with their research interests and experience prior to interviews. Start dates are available throughout the year and durations can vary in length from 3-6 months for full time internships. This role may available across multiple locations in the EMEA region (Austria, Estonia, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, UAE, and UK). Please note these are not remote internships.
US, WA, Seattle
Join us if you're excited about pushing the boundaries of what's possible in physical AI, working with world-class scientists and engineers, and seeing your innovations deployed at unprecedented scale. We are seeking an exceptional Principal Applied Scientist to drive technical innovation in visual reasoning foundation models. You will be a technical leader who sets the research direction, architects novel solutions, and delivers breakthrough results that advance the state of the art while solving real-world business problems. You will lead the efforts of building a next-generation visual reasoning engine powered by frontier Large Video Models (LVMs). Your mission is to build a system that rivals human understanding of the physical world—moving far beyond the static perception of detection and tracking into the realm of deep spatial-temporal reasoning. This is not a passive computer vision tool; it is an agentic collaborator capable of interpreting natural language instructions, navigating unstructured environments, and executing complex tasks. You will sit at the high-stakes intersection of LVMs, LLMs, and Agentic AI, engineering systems that don't just 'see' but reason and act within the physical world. You will own end-to-end technical solutions from research to production deployment, driving innovation through hands-on research, prototyping, and deployment while delivering production impact. Key job responsibilities - Direct the technical vision for next-gen visual reasoning, pioneering the use of LVMs to solve high-dimensional spatial-temporal problems - Design and implement novel deep learning architectures combining a multitude of modalities, including image, video, and geospatial data - Solve computational challenges to train foundation models at scale, taking advantage of latest developments in hardware and deep learning libraries - Architect scalable solutions that deliver real-time insights across diverse physical environments - Build agentic AI systems that autonomously execute end-to-end workflows, transforming visual data into actionable business intelligence - Collaborate with multiple science and engineering teams to build adaptations that power use cases across diverse domains - Publish research at top-tier conferences (CVPR, NeurIPS, ICML) and establish technical thought leadership in visual reasoning and multi-modal AI - Mentor scientists and engineers while maintaining significant hands-on contribution to technical solutions - Influence product roadmaps through deep technical expertise and business acumen A day in the life - Develop and implement novel foundation model architectures, working hands-on with data and our extensive training and evaluation infrastructure - Guide and support fellow scientists in solving complex technical challenges, from spatiotemporal reasoning to efficient multi-task learning - Guide and support fellow engineers in building scalable and reusable infrastructure to support model training, evaluation, and inference - Lead focused technical initiatives from conception through deployment, ensuring successful integration with production systems - Drive technical discussions with the team and key stakeholders - Conduct experiments and prototype new ideas - Mentor team members while maintaining significant hands-on contribution to technical solutions About the team As part of the AWS Applied AI Solutions organization, we have a vision to provide business applications, leveraging Amazon's unique experience and expertise, that are used by millions of companies worldwide to manage day-to-day operations. We will accomplish this by accelerating our customers' businesses through delivery of intuitive and differentiated technology solutions that solve enduring business challenges. We blend vision with curiosity and Amazon's real-world experience to build opinionated, turnkey solutions. Where customers prefer to buy over build, we become their trusted partner with solutions that are no-brainers to buy and easy to use. Join the next science and engineering revolution at AWS Applied AI Solutions, where you'll work alongside world-class scientists and engineers to pioneer the next frontier of visual reasoning through advanced AI and foundation models. Our team builds cutting-edge visual reasoning systems powered by vision-language-reasoning models to understand complex behaviors in the physical world. Our algorithms process video streams to reason about people, objects, and activities in real-time—enabling automated understanding of physical environments at scale. We develop state-of-the-art foundation models that push the boundaries of spatiotemporal reasoning, moving far beyond static perception. We are building a visual reasoning foundation model that generalizes across diverse physical environments and domains. This represents a significant opportunity to develop frontier vision-language models, multi-modal AI, and agentic AI technologies that enable automated decision-making capabilities with massive business impact. We build everything end to end, from data curation to model training, evaluation, and inference, along with all the tooling needed to understand and analyze model performance.
CA, ON, Toronto
Are you a passionate scientist in the computer vision area who is aspired to apply your skills to bring value to millions of customers? Here at Ring, we have a unique opportunity to innovate and see how the results of our work improve the lives of millions of people and make neighborhoods safer. As a Principal Applied Scientist, you will work with talented peers pushing the frontier of computer vision and machine learning technology to deliver the best experience for our neighbors. This is a great opportunity for you to innovate in this space by developing highly optimized algorithms that will work at scale. This position requires experience with developing Computer Vision, Multi-modal LLMs and/or Vision Language Models. You will collaborate with different Amazon teams to make informed decisions on the best practices in machine learning to build highly-optimized integrated hardware and software platforms. Key job responsibilities - You will be responsible for defining key research directions in Multimodal LLMs and Computer Vision, adopting or inventing new techniques, conducting rigorous experiments, publishing results, and ensuring that research is translated into practice. - You will develop long-term strategies, persuade teams to adopt those strategies, propose goals and deliver on them. - You will also participate in organizational planning, hiring, mentorship and leadership development. - You will serve as a key scientific resource in full-cycle development (conception, design, implementation, testing to documentation, delivery, and maintenance).
US, WA, Seattle
Ever wonder how you can keep the world’s largest selection also the world’s safest and legally compliant selection? Then come join a team with the charter to monitor and classify the billions of items in the Amazon catalog to ensure compliance with various legal regulations. The Classification and Policy Platform team is looking for Applied Scientists to build technology to automatically monitor the billions of products on the Amazon platform. The software and processes built by this team are a critical component of building a catalog that our customers trust. You will have an opportunity to work with machine learning algorithms on large datasets. You will need to build Amazon scale applications running on Amazon Cloud that both leverage and create new technologies to process large volumes of data that derive patterns and conclusions from the data. We are looking for highly motivated applied scientists and engineers interested in delivering the next level of innovation to product search for Amazon. As an Applied Scientist on the CPP team, you will be responsible for working across backend, client, business development, and data engineering teams to coordinate deep-dives, inform roadmaps, visualize metrics, and create predictive models to determine how we can best serve our customers. Key job responsibilities Designing and implementing new features and machine learned models, including the application of state-of-art deep learning to solve search matching and ranking problems, including filtering, new content indexing, and apply document understanding Conducting and coordinating process development leading to improved and streamlined processes for model development. Strong customer focus is essential Working closely with Product Managers to expand depth of our product insights with data, create a variety of experiments, and determine the highest-impact projects to include in planning roadmaps Providing technical and scientific guidance to your team members Communicating effectively with senior management as well as with colleagues from science, engineering, and business backgrounds Being a cultural leader that ensures teams are collecting, understanding, and using data to inform every decision that impacts our customers The successful candidate will have an established background in developing customer-facing experiences, a strong technical ability, a start-up mentality, excellent project management skills, and great communication skills. Amazon Science gives you insight into the company’s approach to customer-obsessed scientific innovation. Amazon fundamentally believes that scientific innovation is essential to being the most customer-centric company in the world. It’s the company’s ability to have an impact at scale that allows us to attract some of the brightest minds in artificial intelligence and related fields. Our scientists continue to publish, teach, and engage with the academic community, in addition to utilizing our working backwards method to enrich the way we live and work. Please visit https://www.amazon.science for more information.
CA, BC, Vancouver
The Alexa Connections team is building the worlds most trusted AI assistant, that helps get things done and creates moments of joy. We build LLM-powered, next-generation communication features that help customers connect within the household with features like announcements and drop-In, and with people they care about with features like calling, emailing and texting. Using GenAI we proactively personalize every single connection moment whether its connecting with grandparents or communicating with kids teachers, and you can do it all hands free with Alexa! We are hiring a mature Sr. Manager of Applied Science who is an entrepreneurial big thinker that invents and then biases towards action to solve highest priority customer problems. Our portfolio initiative range from highly confidential innovations to data driven quality problems that needs sciences solutions. You will be leading a team of scientists and partnering with product, engineering and design organizations to building on the latest AGI/LLM systems. If you are holding out for an opportunity to: - Join a leadership group that moves fast towards big audacious goals - Lead an organization to balance solving towards problems while working towards the long term vision - Be surrounded by super passionate mission driven colleagues who will challenge you to grow every day - Solve difficult challenges using your expertise in science to invest practical solutions - Create applications at a massive scale used by millions of people - Work with AGI/LLM systems to deliver real experiences, not just research And you are experienced with… - Driving applied science projects end-to-end from ideation, analysis, prototyping, development, metrics, and monitoring - Conducting deep analyses on massive user and contextual data sets - Proposing viable modeling ideas to advance optimization or efficiency, with supporting argument, data, or, preferably, preliminary results - Designing, developing, and maintaining scalable ML models and LLM's with automated training, validation, monitoring and reporting - Staying familiar with the field and apply state-of-the-art ML techniques to NLP and related optimization problems - Publishing peer-reviewed scientific papers in top journals and conferences And you constantly look for opportunities to… - Innovate, simplify, reduce waste, and increase efficiency - Use data to make decisions and validate assumptions - Automate processes otherwise performed by humans - Learn from others and help those around you grow ...then lets chat! Key job responsibilities As a senior leader, you will play a critical role in elevating the team’s scientific and technical rigor, identifying and implementing best-in-class algorithms, methodologies, and infrastructure that enable rapid experimentation and scaling. You will establish a long-term vision for continued scientific innovation, setting strategic goals to future-proof the organization’s technical stacks and ML/LLM frameworks to support new and emerging business objectives. Additionally, you will grow talents, fostering a culture of excellence and continuous learning to enhance the organization’s ability to solve complex problems.
DE, BE, Berlin
Are you excited about developing agentic AI, LLM and computer vision models that revolutionize Amazon's Fulfillment network? Are you looking for opportunities to apply state-of-the-art AI on real-world problems at truly vast scale? At Amazon Fulfillment Technologies and Robotics, we are on a mission to build high-performance autonomous systems that perceive and act to further improve our world-class customer experience — at Amazon scale. To this end, we are looking for an Applied Scientist who will build and deploy models that make smarter decisions on a wide array of multi-modal signals. Together, we will be pushing beyond the state of the art in optimizing one of the most complex systems in the world: Amazon's Fulfillment Network. Key job responsibilities In this role, you will build agentic AI solutions and multi-modal deep learning models that understand how products and packages flowing through Amazon’s fulfillment network. You will build models that solve challenging problems like understanding warehouse operations systems, or visual defect detection on Amazon's entire retail catalog (billions of different items, thousands of new items every day). You will work with a diverse set of very large multi-modal real-world datasets, including imagery, natural language and structured data. You will face a high level of research ambiguity and problems that require creative, ambitious, and inventive solutions. A day in the life AFT AI delivers the AI solutions that empower Amazon’s fulfillment network to make smarter decisions. You will work on an interdisciplinary project involving scientists and engineers with deep expertise in developing state-of-the-art AI solutions at scale. You will work with images, videos, natural language, and sequences of events from existing or new hardware. You will adapt state-of-the-art agentic AI, deep learning, language understanding and computer vision techniques to develop solutions for business problems in the Amazon Fulfillment Network. About the team Amazon Fulfillment Technologies (AFT) powers Amazon’s global fulfillment network. We invent and deliver software, hardware, and science solutions that orchestrate processes, robots, machines, and people. We harmonize the physical and virtual world so Amazon customers can get what they want, when they want it. AFT AI is spread across NA (Bellevue, WA) and Europe (Berlin, Germany). We are hiring candidates to work out of the Berlin location. Publicly available articles showcasing some of our work: - Visual Defect Detection: https://www.amazon.science/blog/novel-kaputt-dataset-sets-new-benchmark-for-large-scale-visual-defect-detection - Eluna: https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/operations/new-robots-amazon-fulfillment-agentic-ai
US, WA, Seattle
As part of the AWS Solutions organization, we have a vision to provide business applications, leveraging Amazon’s unique experience and expertise, that are used by millions of companies worldwide to manage day-to-day operations. We will accomplish this by accelerating our customers’ businesses through delivery of intuitive and differentiated technology solutions that solve enduring business challenges. We blend vision with curiosity and Amazon’s real-world experience to build opinionated, turnkey solutions. Where customers prefer to buy over build, we become their trusted partner with solutions that are no-brainers to buy and easy to use. The Team Our research team is tackling fundamental challenges in visual reasoning that combine generative AI and agentic frameworks. We're investigating novel approaches to how AI systems understand spatial relationships, reason about object interactions, and maintain contextual awareness across time. Working at the intersection of computer vision and large language models, we're developing theoretical frameworks and practical techniques that advance the state-of-the-art in visual AI. As part of the AWS Applied AI Solutions organization, we’re advancing the frontier of visual reasoning and agentic AI technologies. Our vision is to develop sophisticated AI systems that can understand, interpret, and reason about visual information at human-like levels, enabling breakthrough applications across multiple industries. Key job responsibilities Everyone on the team needs to be entrepreneurial, wear many hats and work in a highly collaborative environment that’s more startup than big company. We’ll need to tackle problems that span a variety of domains: computer vision, image recognition, machine learning, real-time and distributed systems. As an Applied Scientist, you will help solve a variety of technical challenges and mentor other scientists. You will tackle challenging, novel situations every day and given the size of this initiative, you’ll have the opportunity to work with multiple technical teams at Amazon in different locations. You should be comfortable with a degree of ambiguity that’s higher than most projects and relish the idea of solving problems that, frankly, haven’t been solved at scale before - anywhere. Along the way, we guarantee that you’ll learn a ton, have fun and make a positive impact on millions of people. A key focus of this role will be developing and implementing advanced visual reasoning systems that can understand complex spatial relationships and object interactions in real-time. You'll work on designing autonomous AI agents that can make intelligent decisions based on visual inputs, understand customer behavior patterns, and adapt to dynamic retail environments. This includes developing systems that can perform complex scene understanding, reason about object permanence, and predict customer intentions through visual cues. About the team AWS Solutions As part of the AWS solutions organization, we have a vision to provide business applications, leveraging Amazon's unique experience and expertise, that are used by millions of companies worldwide to manage day-to-day operations. We will accomplish this by accelerating our customers' businesses through delivery of intuitive and differentiated technology solutions that solve enduring business challenges. we blend vision with curiosity and Amazon's real-world experience to build opinionated, turnkey solutions. Where customers prefer to buy over build, we become their trusted partner with solutions that are no-brainers to buy and easy to use. About AWS Diverse Experiences AWS values diverse experiences. Even if you do not meet all of the preferred qualifications and skills listed in the job description, we encourage candidates to apply. If your career is just starting, hasn’t followed a traditional path, or includes alternative experiences, don’t let it stop you from applying. Why AWS? Amazon Web Services (AWS) is the world’s most comprehensive and broadly adopted cloud platform. We pioneered cloud computing and never stopped innovating — that’s why customers from the most successful startups to Global 500 companies trust our robust suite of products and services to power their businesses. Inclusive Team Culture AWS values curiosity and connection. Our employee-led and company-sponsored affinity groups promote inclusion and empower our people to take pride in what makes us unique. Our inclusion events foster stronger, more collaborative teams. Our continual innovation is fueled by the bold ideas, fresh perspectives, and passionate voices our teams bring to everything we do. Mentorship & Career Growth We’re continuously raising our performance bar as we strive to become Earth’s Best Employer. That’s why you’ll find endless knowledge-sharing, mentorship and other career-advancing resources here to help you develop into a better-rounded professional. Work/Life Balance We value work-life harmony. Achieving success at work should never come at the expense of sacrifices at home, which is why we strive for flexibility as part of our working culture. When we feel supported in the workplace and at home, there’s nothing we can’t achieve.
US, WA, Bellevue
Alexa AI is looking for a Principal Applied Scientist to lead the science behind Alexa+, Amazon's LLM-powered conversational assistant. You will own the technical direction for key initiatives spanning large language model fine-tuning, alignment, agentic reasoning, and evaluation — directly shaping the experience for hundreds of millions of customers worldwide. As a Principal Scientist, you are a hands-on technical leader. You define research directions, design and run rigorous experiments, and ensure that research translates into production systems at scale. You decompose ambiguous, hard problems into clear solutions. Your code, models, and documents are exemplary and frequently referenced across the organization. You amplify your impact beyond your own work. You lead scientific reviews, scrutinize experimental design and modeling assumptions, and align teams toward coherent strategies. You mentor senior scientists, contribute significantly to hiring, and keep the broader scientific community current on state-of-the-art techniques. You bring business and industry context to technical decisions and can credibly present to executive leadership. Key job responsibilities Define and drive the science roadmap for conversational AI capabilities powered by large language models Design, implement, and evaluate novel approaches to LLM fine-tuning, alignment (RLHF, DPO), and distillation for production deployment Architect agentic systems — multi-step reasoning, tool use, planning, and orchestration — that work reliably at scale Develop evaluation frameworks and methodologies that go beyond standard benchmarks to capture real-world conversational quality Translate research advances into customer-facing products, working closely with engineering, product, and cross-functional science teams Publish results at top-tier venues and represent Amazon in the broader research community Mentor scientists at all levels and contribute to organizational planning, hiring, and technical culture About the team Alexa AI is building the science and technology behind Alexa+, Amazon's next-generation conversational assistant. Our team works at the intersection of large language models, reinforcement learning from human feedback and verifiable rewards, agentic architectures, and multilingual/multimodal understanding. We operate at massive scale — our models serve customers across dozens of languages and device types. If you want to push the frontier of conversational AI and see your work used by people every day, come join us.
US, CA, San Francisco
Amazon’s Frontier AI & Robotics (FAR) team is seeking a Member of Technical Staff to drive foundational research and build intelligent robotic systems from the ground up. In this role, you will operate at the intersection of cutting-edge AI research and real-world robotics - conducting original research, publishing, and deploying your innovations into production systems at Amazon scale. We’re looking for researchers who think from first principles, push the boundaries of what’s possible, and take full ownership of turning breakthrough ideas into working systems.  You will join the next revolution in robotics, where you'll work alongside world-renowned AI pioneers to push the boundaries of what's possible in robotic intelligence. As a Member of Technical Staff, you'll be at the forefront of developing breakthrough foundation models and full-stack robotics systems that enable robots to perceive, understand, and interact with the world in unprecedented ways. You'll drive technical excellence and independent research initiatives in areas such as locomotion, manipulation, perception, sim2real transfer, multi-modal, multi-task robot learning, designing novel frameworks that bridge the gap between state-of-the-art research and real-world deployment at Amazon scale. In this role, you'll balance innovative technical exploration with practical implementation, collaborating with platform teams to ensure your models and algorithms perform robustly in dynamic real-world environments. You’ll have the freedom to pursue ambitious research directions while leveraging Amazon’s vast computational resources to tackle ambiguous problems in areas like very large multi-modal robotic foundation models and efficient, promptable model architectures that can scale across diverse robotic applications. Key job responsibilities - Drive independent research initiatives across the robotics stack, including robot co-design, dexterous manipulation mechanisms, innovative actuation strategies, state estimation, low-level control, system identification, reinforcement learning, sim-to-real transfer, as well as foundation models focusing on breakthrough approaches in perception, and manipulation, for example open-vocabulary panoptic scene understanding, scaling up multi-modal LLMs, sim2real/real2sim techniques, end-to-end vision-language-action models, efficient model inference, video tokenization - Design and implement novel deep learning architectures that push the boundaries of what robots can understand and accomplish - Guide technical direction for full-stack robotics projects from conceptualization through deployment, taking a system-level approach that integrates hardware considerations with algorithmic development, ensuring robust performance in production environments - Collaborate with platform and hardware teams to ensure seamless integration across the entire robotics stack, optimizing and scaling models for real-world applications - Contribute to team's technical decisions and influence implementation strategies to help shape our approach to next-generation robotics challenges - Mentor fellow researchers while maintaining solid individual technical contributions A day in the life - Design and implement novel foundation model architectures and innovative systems and algorithms, leveraging our extensive infrastructure to prototype and evaluate at scale - Collaborate with our world-class research team to solve complex technical challenges across the full robotics stack - Lead focused technical initiatives from conception through deployment, ensuring successful integration with production systems - Drive technical discussions and brainstorming sessions with team leaders, fellow researchers and key stakeholders - Conduct experiments and prototype new ideas using our massive compute cluster and extensive robotics infrastructure - Transform theoretical insights into practical solutions that can handle the complexities of real-world robotics applications About the team At Frontier AI & Robotics, we're not just advancing robotics – we're reimagining it from the ground up. Our team is building the future of intelligent robotics through innovative foundation models and end-to-end learned systems. We tackle some of the most challenging problems in AI and robotics, from developing sophisticated perception systems to creating adaptive manipulation strategies that work in complex, real-world scenarios. What sets us apart is our unique combination of ambitious research vision and practical impact. We leverage Amazon's massive computational infrastructure and rich real-world datasets to train and deploy state-of-the-art foundation models. Our work spans the full spectrum of robotics intelligence – from multimodal perception using images, videos, and sensor data, to sophisticated manipulation strategies that can handle diverse real-world scenarios. We're building systems that don't just work in the lab, but scale to meet the demands of Amazon's global operations. Join us if you're excited about pushing the boundaries of what's possible in robotics, working with world-class researchers, and seeing your innovations deployed at unprecedented scale.
US, WA, Seattle
Revolutionize the Future of AI at the Frontier of Applied Science Are you a brilliant mind seeking to push the boundaries of what's possible with artificial intelligence? Join our elite team of researchers and engineers at the forefront of applied science, where we're harnessing the latest advancements in natural language processing, deep learning, and generative AI to reshape industries and unlock new realms of innovation. As an Applied Science Intern, you'll have the unique opportunity to work alongside world-renowned experts, gaining invaluable hands-on experience with cutting-edge technologies such as large language models, transformers, and neural networks. You'll dive deep into complex challenges, fine-tuning state-of-the-art models, developing novel algorithms for named entity recognition, and exploring the vast potential of generative AI. This internship is not just about executing tasks – it's about being a driving force behind groundbreaking discoveries. You'll collaborate with cross-functional teams, leveraging your expertise in statistics, recommender systems, and question answering to tackle real-world problems and deliver impactful solutions. Throughout your journey, you'll have access to unparalleled resources, including state-of-the-art computing infrastructure, cutting-edge research papers, and mentorship from industry luminaries. This immersive experience will not only sharpen your technical skills but also cultivate your ability to think critically, communicate effectively, and thrive in a fast-paced, innovative environment where bold ideas are celebrated. Join us at the forefront of applied science, where your contributions will shape the future of AI and propel humanity forward. Seize this extraordinary opportunity to learn, grow, and leave an indelible mark on the world of technology. Amazon has positions available for LLM & GenAI Applied Science Internships in, but not limited to, Bellevue, WA; Boston, MA; Cambridge, MA; New York, NY; Santa Clara, CA; Seattle, WA; Sunnyvale, CA; Pittsburgh, PA. Key job responsibilities We are particularly interested in candidates with expertise in: LLMs, NLP/NLU, Gen AI, Transformers, Fine-Tuning, Recommendation Systems, Deep Learning, NER, Statistics, Neural Networks, Question Answering. In this role, you will work alongside global experts to develop and implement novel, scalable algorithms and modeling techniques that advance the state-of-the-art in areas at the intersection of LLMs and GenAI. You will tackle challenging, groundbreaking research problems on production-scale data, with a focus on recommendation systems, question answering, deep learning and generative AI. The ideal candidate should possess the ability to work collaboratively with diverse groups and cross-functional teams to solve complex business problems. A successful candidate will be a self-starter, comfortable with ambiguity, with strong attention to detail and the ability to thrive in a fast-paced, ever-changing environment. A day in the life - Collaborate with cross-functional teams to tackle complex challenges in natural language processing, computer vision, and generative AI. - Fine-tune state-of-the-art models and develop novel algorithms to push the boundaries of what's possible. - Explore the vast potential of generative AI and its applications across industries. - Attend cutting-edge research seminars and engage in thought-provoking discussions with industry luminaries. - Leverage state-of-the-art computing infrastructure and access to the latest research papers to fuel your innovation. - Present your groundbreaking work and insights to the team, fostering a culture of knowledge-sharing and continuous learning.
US, CA, San Francisco
Amazon’s Frontier AI & Robotics (FAR) team is seeking a Member of Technical Staff to drive foundational research and build intelligent robotic systems from the ground up. In this role, you will operate at the intersection of innovative AI research and real-world robotics - conducting original research, publishing, and deploying your innovations into production systems at Amazon scale. We’re looking for researchers who think from first principles, push the boundaries of what’s possible, and take full ownership of turning breakthrough ideas into working systems. You will join the next revolution in robotics, where you'll work alongside world-renowned AI pioneers to push the boundaries of what's possible in robotic intelligence. As a Member of Technical Staff, you'll develop breakthrough foundation models that enable robots to perceive, understand, and interact with the physical world in unprecedented ways—with a strong emphasis on the hardware systems that bring these models to life. You'll drive independent research initiatives in areas such as locomotion, manipulation, motor control, actuator design, sim2real transfer, and multi-modal robot learning, designing novel frameworks that bridge state-of-the-art research with real-world hardware deployment at Amazon scale. In this role, you'll balance innovative technical exploration with hands-on hardware implementation, collaborating with mechanical, electrical, and controls engineering teams to ensure your models and algorithms perform robustly on physical robotic platforms in dynamic real-world environments. You'll have access to Amazon's computational resources and advanced robotics infrastructure—including high degree-of-freedom prototype platforms, custom actuators, and precision sensing systems—enabling you to tackle ambitious problems in areas like multi-modal robotic foundation models, motor-level control optimization, and efficient model architectures that scale across diverse robotic hardware. Key job responsibilities - Drive independent research initiatives across the full robotics stack, including robot co-design, manipulation mechanisms, innovative actuation and motor control strategies, state estimation, low-level control, system identification, reinforcement learning, and sim-to-real transfer, as well as foundation models for perception and manipulation - Lead full-stack robotics projects from conceptualization through hardware deployment, taking a system-level approach that integrates actuator dynamics, sensor feedback (force/torque, IMUs, encoders), and electromechanical constraints with algorithmic development - Develop and optimize control algorithms and sensing pipelines for physical robotic hardware, including motor characterization, actuator performance tuning, and robust sensor integration in production environments - Collaborate with hardware, mechanical, and electrical engineering teams to ensure seamless integration of learned models across the robotics stack—from embedded compute and communication buses to actuator-level control - Contribute to the team's technical strategy and help shape our approach to next-generation hardware-aware robotics challenges, including hardware-in-the-loop validation and prototype-to-deployment transitions A day in the life - Design and implement innovative systems and algorithms, leveraging our extensive computational and robotics hardware infrastructure to prototype and evaluate at scale - Collaborate with hardware and software engineers to solve complex technical challenges spanning motors, actuators, sensors, and learned control - Lead technical initiatives from conception to hardware deployment, working closely with robotics engineers and lab teams to integrate your solutions into physical robotic platforms - Participate in technical discussions and design reviews with team leaders, hardware engineers, and fellow scientists - Leverage our compute cluster and advanced robotics lab—including high-DoF prototype platforms and custom actuation systems—to rapidly prototype and validate new ideas - Transform theoretical insights into practical solutions that perform reliably on real-world robotic hardware About the team At Frontier AI & Robotics, we're not just advancing robotics – we're reimagining it from the ground up. Our team is building the future of intelligent robotics through ground breaking foundation models and end-to-end learned systems. We tackle some of the most challenging problems in AI and robotics, from developing sophisticated perception systems to creating adaptive manipulation strategies that work in complex, real-world scenarios. What sets us apart is our unique combination of ambitious research vision and practical impact. We leverage Amazon's massive computational infrastructure and rich real-world datasets to train and deploy state-of-the-art foundation models. Our work spans the full spectrum of robotics intelligence – from multimodal perception using images, videos, and sensor data, to sophisticated manipulation strategies that can handle diverse real-world scenarios. We're building systems that don't just work in the lab, but scale to meet the demands of Amazon's global operations. Join us if you're excited about pushing the boundaries of what's possible in robotics, working with world-class researchers, and seeing your innovations deployed at unprecedented scale.
US, WA, Seattle
The Perfect Order Experience (POE) AI team combines artificial intelligence, machine learning, and economic insights to ensure exceptional customer experiences and seller success on Amazon. We develop advanced scientific solutions that protect product authenticity, maintain quality standards, and safeguard intellectual property across Amazon's vast catalog. Our work spans from building detection systems using state-of-the-art Large Language Models to creating automated investigation processes and risk treatment mechanisms. Our solutions directly impact billions of customer interactions and enable millions of sellers to thrive while maintaining the highest standards of trust and quality. We are seeking an exceptional Senior Applied Science Manager to lead key AI initiatives to ensure a perfect order experience for Amazon customers. In this role, you will spearhead the development of a domain specific large language model designed to comprehend complex seller behaviors and relationships. You will lead the research and implementation on LLM pre-training, fine-tuning and reinforcement learning for LLM reasoning. You will implement and influence ranker models that intelligently adjust product visibility based on risk signals and trust metrics. Key job responsibilities - Drive AI strategy and lead a team of applied scientists in developing ML solutions. - Lead the end-to-end development of a domain specific LLM. - Drive the development of large-scale pre-training and post-training strategies for the LLM using domain-specific datasets. - Architect automated risk detection and treatment systems that combine multi-modal signals to identify product quality issues and implement optimization-based mitigation strategies. - Collaborate with other science teams to develop/ influence ranker models that optimize product visibility. About the team About the Perfect Order Experience (POE) AI Team The POE AI Science team sits at the forefront of Amazon's efforts to ensure customers can shop with confidence. Our team combines artificial intelligence, machine learning, and economic insights to protect product authenticity, maintain quality standards, and safeguard intellectual property across Amazon's vast catalog. The work we do directly impacts billions of customer interactions and enables millions of sellers to thrive while maintaining the highest standards of trust and quality.
US, CA, Sunnyvale
Amazon Industrial Robotics is seeking exceptional talent to help develop the next generation of advanced robotics systems that will transform automation at Amazon's scale. We're building revolutionary robotic systems that combine cutting-edge AI, sophisticated control systems, and advanced mechanical design to create adaptable automation solutions capable of working safely alongside humans in dynamic environments. This is a unique opportunity to shape the future of robotics and automation at unprecedented scale, working with world-class teams pushing the boundaries of what's possible in robotic manipulation, locomotion, and human-robot interaction. This role presents an opportunity to shape the future of robotics through innovative applications of deep learning and large language models. We leverage advanced robotics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence to solve complex operational challenges at unprecedented scale. Our fleet of robots operates across hundreds of facilities worldwide, working in sophisticated coordination to fulfill our mission of customer excellence. We are pioneering the development of robotics foundation models that: - Enable unprecedented generalization across diverse tasks - Integrate multi-modal learning capabilities (visual, tactile, linguistic) - Accelerate skill acquisition through demonstration learning - Enhance robotic perception and environmental understanding - Streamline development processes through reusable capabilities The ideal candidate will contribute to research that bridges the gap between theoretical advancement and practical implementation in robotics. You will be part of a team that's revolutionizing how robots learn, adapt, and interact with their environment. Join us in building the next generation of intelligent robotics systems that will transform the future of automation and human-robot collaboration. As an Applied Scientist, you will develop and improve machine learning systems that help robots perceive, reason, and act in real-world environments. You will leverage state-of-the-art models (open source and internal research), evaluate them on representative tasks, and adapt/optimize them to meet robustness, safety, and performance needs. You will invent new algorithms where gaps exist. You’ll collaborate closely with research, controls, hardware, and product-facing teams, and your outputs will be used by downstream teams to further customize and deploy on specific robot embodiments. Key job responsibilities - Leverage state-of-the-art models for targeted tasks, environments, and robot embodiments through fine-tuning and optimization. - Execute rapid, rigorous experimentation with reproducible results and solid engineering practices, closing the gap between sim and real environments. - Build and run capability evaluations/benchmarks to clearly profile performance, generalization, and failure modes. - Contribute to the data and training workflow: collection/curation, dataset quality/provenance, and repeatable training recipes. - Write clean, maintainable, well commented and documented code, contribute to training infrastructure, create tools for model evaluation and testing, and implement necessary APIs - Stay current with latest developments in foundation models and robotics, assist in literature reviews and research documentation, prepare technical reports and presentations, and contribute to research discussions and brainstorming sessions. - Work closely with senior scientists, engineers, and leaders across multiple teams, participate in knowledge sharing, support integration efforts with robotics hardware teams, and help document best practices and methodologies.
US, WA, Seattle
Prime Video is a first-stop entertainment destination offering customers a vast collection of premium programming in one app available across thousands of devices. Prime members can customize their viewing experience and find their favorite movies, series, documentaries, and live sports – including Amazon MGM Studios-produced series and movies; licensed fan favorites; and programming from Prime Video subscriptions such as Apple TV+, HBO Max, Peacock, Crunchyroll and MGM+. All customers, regardless of whether they have a Prime membership or not, can rent or buy titles via the Prime Video Store, and can enjoy even more content for free with ads. Are you interested in shaping the future of entertainment? Prime Video's technology teams are creating best-in-class digital video experience. As a Prime Video team member, you’ll have end-to-end ownership of the product, user experience, design, and technology required to deliver state-of-the-art experiences for our customers. You’ll get to work on projects that are fast-paced, challenging, and varied. You’ll also be able to experiment with new possibilities, take risks, and collaborate with remarkable people. We’ll look for you to bring your diverse perspectives, ideas, and skill-sets to make Prime Video even better for our customers. With global opportunities for talented technologists, you can decide where a career Prime Video Tech takes you! Key job responsibilities As a highly experienced and seasoned science leader, you will apply state of the art natural language processing and computer vision research to video centric digital media, while also responsible for creating and maintaining the best environment for applied science in order to recruit, retain and develop top talent. You will lead the research direction for a team of deeply talented applied scientists, creating the roadmaps for forward-looking research and communicate them effectively to senior leadership. You will also hire and develop applied scientists - growing the team to meet the evolving needs of our customers. About the team This team's mission is to deeply understand all content and empower all customers with relevant language options, innovative accessibility assists, and rich title-information across all their content-experiences on Prime Video. We create and publish content on-time that's meaningful, accurate, and accessible to every customer globally. We delight our customers by pushing the boundaries of content understanding and enrichment. Through inclusion and innovation, we do the most fulfilling work of our career.
US, WA, Seattle
Prime Video is a first-stop entertainment destination offering customers a vast collection of premium programming in one app available across thousands of devices. Prime members can customize their viewing experience and find their favorite movies, series, documentaries, and live sports – including Amazon MGM Studios-produced series and movies; licensed fan favorites; and programming from Prime Video add-on subscriptions such as Apple TV+, Max, Crunchyroll and MGM+. All customers, regardless of whether they have a Prime membership or not, can rent or buy titles via the Prime Video Store, and can enjoy even more content for free with ads. Are you interested in shaping the future of entertainment? Prime Video's technology teams are creating best-in-class digital video experience. As a Prime Video technologist, you’ll have end-to-end ownership of the product, user experience, design, and technology required to deliver state-of-the-art experiences for our customers. You’ll get to work on projects that are fast-paced, challenging, and varied. You’ll also be able to experiment with new possibilities, take risks, and collaborate with remarkable people. We’ll look for you to bring your diverse perspectives, ideas, and skill-sets to make Prime Video even better for our customers. With global opportunities for talented technologists, you can decide where a career Prime Video Tech takes you! As an Applied Scientist in the Prime Video Playback Intelligence Organization, you will have deep subject matter expertise in applied machine learning and data science, with specializations in video streaming optimization, information retrieval, anomaly detection and root-causing systems, large language models and generative AI across various modalities. Key job responsibilities - Work with multiple teams of scientists, engineers, and product managers to translate business and functional requirements into concrete deliverables leading strategic efforts to enhance customer quality of experiences. - Work on problems spaces such as: improving the customer playback quality of experience across Video on Demand, Live Events and Linear Content. - Reduce the time/cost/effort to optimize the customer experience as well as detect, root-cause, and mitigate defects in the customer experience. You’ll seek to understand the depth and nuance of streaming video at scale and identify opportunities to grow our business and improve customer quality of experience via principled ML/AI solutions. - Lead integration of new algorithms and processes into existing modeling stacks, simplify and streamline the existing modeling stacks, and develop testing and evaluation strategies. Ultimately, you'll work backwards from the desired outcomes and lead the way on determining the ideal solution (statistical techniques, traditional ML, GenAI, etc). A day in the life We love solving challenging and hard problems in our quest to innovate on behalf of our customers and provide the best video streaming experience. We push the boundaries to leverage and invent technologies which help create unrivaled experiences for our customers to help us move fast in a growing and changing environment. We use data to guide our decisions, work closely with our engineering and product counterparts, and partner with other Science teams as well as academic institutions to learn and guide in an environment of innovation.
US, CA, Santa Clara
Join the next science and engineering revolution at Amazon's Delivery Foundation Model team, where you'll work alongside world-class scientists and engineers to pioneer the next frontier of logistics through advanced AI and foundation models. We are seeking an exceptional Applied Scientist to help develop innovative foundation models that enable delivery of billions of packages worldwide. In this role, you'll combine highly technical work with scientific leadership, ensuring the team delivers robust solutions for dynamic real-world environments. Your team will leverage Amazon's vast data and computational resources to tackle ambitious problems across a diverse set of Amazon delivery use cases. Key job responsibilities - Design and implement novel deep learning architectures combining a multitude of modalities, including image, video, and geospatial data. - Solve computational problems to train foundation models on vast amounts of Amazon data and infer at Amazon scale, taking advantage of latest developments in hardware and deep learning libraries. - As a foundation model developer, collaborate with multiple science and engineering teams to help build adaptations that power use cases across Amazon Last Mile deliveries, improving experience and safety of a delivery driver, an Amazon customer, and improving efficiency of Amazon delivery network. - Drive technical direction for specific research initiatives, ensuring robust performance in production environments. A day in the life As a member of the Delivery Foundation Model team, you’ll spend your day on the following: - Develop and implement novel foundation model architectures, working hands-on with data and our extensive training and evaluation infrastructure - Collaborate with fellow scientists in solving complex technical challenges, from trajectory planning to efficient multi-task learning - Collaborate with fellow engineers in building scalable and reusable infra to support model training, evaluation, and inference - Contribute to focused technical initiatives from conception through deployment, ensuring successful integration with production systems - Drive technical discussions within the team and and key stakeholders - Conduct experiments and prototype new ideas - Make significant hands-on contribution to technical solutions About the team The Delivery Foundation Model team combines ambitious research vision with real-world impact. Our foundation models provide generative reasoning capabilities required to meet the demands of Amazon's global Last Mile delivery network. We leverage Amazon's unparalleled computational infrastructure and extensive datasets to deploy state-of-the-art foundation models to improve the safety, quality, and efficiency of Amazon deliveries. Our work spans the full spectrum of foundation model development, from multimodal training using images, videos, and sensor data, to sophisticated modeling strategies that can handle diverse real-world scenarios. We build everything end to end, from data preparation to model training and evaluation to inference, along with all the tooling needed to understand and analyze model performance. Join us if you're excited about pushing the boundaries of what's possible in logistics, working with world-class scientists and engineers, and seeing your innovations deployed at unprecedented scale.
US, CA, Santa Clara
Join the next science and engineering revolution at Amazon's Delivery Foundation Model team, where you'll work alongside world-class scientists and engineers to pioneer the next frontier of logistics through advanced AI and foundation models. We are seeking an exceptional Senior Applied Scientist to help develop innovative foundation models that enable delivery of billions of packages worldwide. In this role, you'll combine highly technical work with scientific leadership, ensuring the team delivers robust solutions for dynamic real-world environments. Your team will leverage Amazon's vast data and computational resources to tackle ambitious problems across a diverse set of Amazon delivery use cases. Key job responsibilities - Design and implement novel deep learning architectures combining a multitude of modalities, including image, video, and geospatial data. - Solve computational problems to train foundation models on vast amounts of Amazon data and infer at Amazon scale, taking advantage of latest developments in hardware and deep learning libraries. - As a foundation model developer, collaborate with multiple science and engineering teams to help build adaptations that power use cases across Amazon Last Mile deliveries, improving experience and safety of a delivery driver, an Amazon customer, and improving efficiency of Amazon delivery network. - Guide technical direction for specific research initiatives, ensuring robust performance in production environments. - Mentor fellow scientists while maintaining strong individual technical contributions. A day in the life As a member of the Delivery Foundation Model team, you’ll spend your day on the following: - Develop and implement novel foundation model architectures, working hands-on with data and our extensive training and evaluation infrastructure - Guide and support fellow scientists in solving complex technical challenges, from trajectory planning to efficient multi-task learning - Guide and support fellow engineers in building scalable and reusable infra to support model training, evaluation, and inference - Lead focused technical initiatives from conception through deployment, ensuring successful integration with production systems- Drive technical discussions within the team and and key stakeholders - Conduct experiments and prototype new ideas - Mentor team members while maintaining significant hands-on contribution to technical solutions About the team The Delivery Foundation Model team combines ambitious research vision with real-world impact. Our foundation models provide generative reasoning capabilities required to meet the demands of Amazon's global Last Mile delivery network. We leverage Amazon's unparalleled computational infrastructure and extensive datasets to deploy state-of-the-art foundation models to improve the safety, quality, and efficiency of Amazon deliveries. Our work spans the full spectrum of foundation model development, from multimodal training using images, videos, and sensor data, to sophisticated modeling strategies that can handle diverse real-world scenarios. We build everything end to end, from data preparation to model training and evaluation to inference, along with all the tooling needed to understand and analyze model performance. Join us if you're excited about pushing the boundaries of what's possible in logistics, working with world-class scientists and engineers, and seeing your innovations deployed at unprecedented scale.
US, CA, Santa Clara
Join the next science and engineering revolution at Amazon's Delivery Foundation Model team, where you'll work alongside world-class scientists and engineers to pioneer the next frontier of logistics through advanced AI and foundation models. We are seeking an exceptional Senior Applied Scientist to help develop innovative foundation models that enable delivery of billions of packages worldwide. In this role, you'll combine highly technical work with scientific leadership, ensuring the team delivers robust solutions for dynamic real-world environments. Your team will leverage Amazon's vast data and computational resources to tackle ambitious problems across a diverse set of Amazon delivery use cases. Key job responsibilities - Design and implement novel deep learning architectures combining a multitude of modalities, including image, video, and geospatial data. - Solve computational problems to train foundation models on vast amounts of Amazon data and infer at Amazon scale, taking advantage of latest developments in hardware and deep learning libraries. - As a foundation model developer, collaborate with multiple science and engineering teams to help build adaptations that power use cases across Amazon Last Mile deliveries, improving experience and safety of a delivery driver, an Amazon customer, and improving efficiency of Amazon delivery network. - Guide technical direction for specific research initiatives, ensuring robust performance in production environments. - Mentor fellow scientists while maintaining strong individual technical contributions. A day in the life As a member of the Delivery Foundation Model team, you’ll spend your day on the following: - Develop and implement novel foundation model architectures, working hands-on with data and our extensive training and evaluation infrastructure - Guide and support fellow scientists in solving complex technical challenges, from trajectory planning to efficient multi-task learning - Guide and support fellow engineers in building scalable and reusable infra to support model training, evaluation, and inference - Lead focused technical initiatives from conception through deployment, ensuring successful integration with production systems- Drive technical discussions within the team and and key stakeholders - Conduct experiments and prototype new ideas - Mentor team members while maintaining significant hands-on contribution to technical solutions About the team The Delivery Foundation Model team combines ambitious research vision with real-world impact. Our foundation models provide generative reasoning capabilities required to meet the demands of Amazon's global Last Mile delivery network. We leverage Amazon's unparalleled computational infrastructure and extensive datasets to deploy state-of-the-art foundation models to improve the safety, quality, and efficiency of Amazon deliveries. Our work spans the full spectrum of foundation model development, from multimodal training using images, videos, and sensor data, to sophisticated modeling strategies that can handle diverse real-world scenarios. We build everything end to end, from data preparation to model training and evaluation to inference, along with all the tooling needed to understand and analyze model performance. Join us if you're excited about pushing the boundaries of what's possible in logistics, working with world-class scientists and engineers, and seeing your innovations deployed at unprecedented scale.
US, WA, Seattle
The GRAISE team (Grocery, Retail & In-Store Experience) within Worldwide Grocery Store Tech (WWGST) builds foundational AI and machine learning systems that power Amazon's in-store grocery technologies. We develop domain-specific models that solve uniquely complex challenges in grocery — from smart shopping carts and inventory intelligence to personalization and store operations. Our mission is to create technology which makes grocery shopping more convenient, economical, personalized, and enjoyable for customers while empowering retailers with operational efficiency. We are looking for a talented and motivated Applied Scientist to join our team. In this role, you will design, develop, and deploy machine learning and computer vision models and algorithms that solve real-world problems at scale. You will work closely with engineering, product, and business teams to translate ambiguous problems into rigorous scientific solutions, and you will own the end-to-end development of models from ideation through production. This is a high-impact role where your work will directly shape the intelligence layer of Amazon's grocery ecosystem. Key job responsibilities - Design and implement machine learning models to solve complex grocery-domain problems. - Conduct exploratory data analysis and develop deep understanding of domain-specific data challenges. - Collaborate with software engineers to productionize models and ensure reliability at scale. - Define and track key metrics to evaluate model performance and business impact. - Communicate findings and recommendations clearly to technical and non-technical stakeholders. - Stay current with the latest research and evaluate applicability to team problems. - Contribute to a culture of scientific rigor, experimentation, and continuous improvement. A day in the life As an Applied Scientist on the GRAISE team, you'll spend your days analyzing model performance from overnight experiments, collaborating with engineers to deploy computer vision models to production, and prototyping new approaches using multimodal learning with store video and sensor data. You'll present findings to product and business stakeholders, translating technical results into actionable recommendations. Throughout the day, you'll balance rigorous scientific thinking with practical engineering constraints, knowing your work directly improves the shopping experience for millions of customers in Amazon grocery stores.
US, WA, Bellevue
Amazon's Last Mile Geospatial Science team leverages sate of the art computer vision, generative AI, and deep learning to enhance vehicle navigation and ensure safe, efficient deliveries by enriching map data from billions of satellite, aerial, and street-level images and videos. The role involves building large-scale machine learning systems that analyze terabytes of multimodal data to solve novel problems, translating business requirements into prototypes while prioritizing driver and customer safety. The team seeks scientists who can combine domain expertise with machine learning to invent and implement state-of-the-art solutions in a collaborative environment with direct business impact. Key job responsibilities Successful candidates should have a deep knowledge (both theoretical and practical) of various machine learning algorithms for large scale computer vision problems, the ability to map models into production-worthy code, the communication skills necessary to explain complex technical approaches to a variety of stakeholders and customers, and the excitement to take iterative approaches to tackle big, long term problems. The applied scientist should be proficient with image and video analysis using machine learning, including designing architecture from scratch, modify existing loss functions, full model training, fine-tuning, and evaluating the latest deep learning models. The applied scientist optimizes different models for specific platforms, including edge devices with restricted resources. Generative AI, Multi-modal models, e.g., Large Vision Language Models, zero-shot, few-shot, and semi-supervised learning paradigms are used extensively.
CA, ON, Toronto
The RBKS AI team is responsible for innovating AI features for Ring and Blink cameras, with a mission to make our neighborhoods safer. We are working at the intersection of computer vision, generative AI (GenAI), and ambient intelligence. The team is seeking Applied Science Manager to lead initiatives that combine advanced computer vision and multimodal GenAI capabilities. This role offers a unique opportunity to lead a world-class team while shaping next-generation home security technology and advancing the field of AI algorithms and systems. The team is focused on productizing research in computer vision and GenAI into products that benefit millions of customers worldwide, such as real-time object detection, video understanding, and multimodal LLMs. We are at the forefront of developing AI solutions that seamlessly blend into our products while respecting privacy, delivering unprecedented levels of intelligent security experience. Key job responsibilities - Lead and guide a team of applied scientists in designing and developing advanced computer vision and GenAI models and algorithms for comprehensive video understanding, including but not limited to object detection, recognition and spatial understanding - Drive technical strategy and roadmap for privacy-preserving CV and GenAI models and systems, ensuring the team delivers efficient fine-tuning and on-device and in-cloud inference solutions - Partner with product and engineering leadership to translate business objectives into technical roadmaps, and ensure delivery of high-quality science artifacts that ship to products - Build and maintain strategic partnerships with science, engineering, product, and program management teams across the organization - Recruit, mentor, and develop top-tier applied science talent; provide technical and career guidance to team members while fostering a culture of innovation and excellence - Set technical direction and establish best practices for AI products/features across multiple projects and initiatives
CA, ON, Toronto
The RBKS AI team is responsible innovating AI features for Ring and Blink cameras, with a mission to make our neighborhood safer. We are working in the intersection of computer vision, generative AI (GenAI), and ambient intelligence. The team is seeking AI Applied Scientists to work on initiatives that combine advanced computer vision and multimodal GenAI capabilities. This role offers a unique opportunity to shape next-generation home security technology while advancing the field of AI algorithms and systems. The team is focused on productizing research in computer vision and GenAI into products that benefit millions of customers worldwide, such as real-time object detection, video understanding, and multimodal LLMs. We are at the forefront of developing AI solutions that seamlessly blend into our products while respecting privacy, delivering unprecedented levels of intelligent security experience. Key job responsibilities * Design and develop advanced computer vision and GenAI models and algorithms for comprehensive video understanding, including but not limited to object detection, recognition and spatial understanding * Develop privacy-preserving CV and GenAI models and systems, focusing on efficient fine-tuning and on-device and in-cloud inference * Map product requirements into science solutions and deliver high-quality science artifacts that ship to products * Collaborate with scientists, engineers, product/program managers and other cross-functional teams * Provide technical leadership on AI products/features, and develop and mentor junior scientists on the team.
US, WA, Bellevue
Alexa International Science team is looking for a passionate, talented, and inventive Senior Applied Scientist to help build industry-leading technology with Large Language Models (LLMs) and multimodal systems, requiring strong deep learning and generative models knowledge. At this level, you will drive cross-team scientific strategy, influence partner teams, and deliver solutions that have broad impact across Alexa's international products and services. Key job responsibilities As a Senior Applied Scientist with the Alexa International team, you will work with talented peers to develop novel algorithms and modeling techniques to advance the state of the art with LLMs, particularly delivering industry-leading scientific research and applied AI for multi-lingual applications — a challenging area for the industry globally. Your work will directly impact our global customers in the form of products and services that support Alexa+. You will leverage Amazon's heterogeneous data sources and large-scale computing resources to accelerate advances in text, speech, and vision domains. The ideal candidate possesses a solid understanding of machine learning, speech and/or natural language processing, modern LLM architectures, LLM evaluation & tooling, and a passion for pushing boundaries in this vast and quickly evolving field. They thrive in fast-paced environment, like to tackle complex challenges, excel at swiftly delivering impactful solutions while iterating based on user feedback, and are able to influence and align multiple teams around a shared scientific vision.
US, WA, Seattle
Innovators wanted! Are you an entrepreneur? A builder? A dreamer? This role is part of an Amazon Special Projects team that takes the company’s Think Big leadership principle to the limits. If you’re interested in innovating at scale to address big challenges in the world, this is the team for you. As a Senior Applied Scientist on our team, you will focus on building state-of-the-art ML models for healthcare. Our team rewards curiosity while maintaining a laser-focus in bringing products to market. Competitive candidates are responsive, flexible, and able to succeed within an open, collaborative, entrepreneurial, startup-like environment. At the forefront of both academic and applied research in this product area, you have the opportunity to work together with a diverse and talented team of scientists, engineers, and product managers and collaborate with other teams. This role offers a unique opportunity to work on projects that could fundamentally transform healthcare outcomes. Key job responsibilities In this role, you will: • Design and implement novel AI/ML solutions for complex healthcare challenges • Drive advancements in machine learning and data science • Balance theoretical knowledge with practical implementation • Work closely with customers and partners to understand their requirements • Navigate ambiguity and create clarity in early-stage product development • Collaborate with cross-functional teams while fostering innovation in a collaborative work environment to deliver impactful solutions • Establish best practices for ML experimentation, evaluation, development and deployment • Partner with leadership to define roadmap and strategic initiatives You’ll need a strong background in AI/ML, proven leadership skills, and the ability to translate complex concepts into actionable plans. You’ll also need to effectively translate research findings into practical solutions. A day in the life You will solve real-world problems by getting and analyzing large amounts of data, generate insights and opportunities, design simulations and experiments, and develop statistical and ML models. The team is driven by business needs, which requires collaboration with other Scientists, Engineers, and Product Managers across the Special Projects organization. You will prepare written and verbal presentations to share insights to audiences of varying levels of technical sophistication. About the team We represent Amazon's ambitious vision to solve the world's most pressing challenges. We are exploring new approaches to enhance research practices in the healthcare space, leveraging Amazon's scale and technological expertise. We operate with the agility of a startup while backed by Amazon's resources and operational excellence. We're looking for builders who are excited about working on ambitious, undefined problems and are comfortable with ambiguity.
US, WA, Seattle
Innovators wanted! Are you an entrepreneur? A builder? A dreamer? This role is part of an Amazon Special Projects team that takes the company’s Think Big leadership principle to the limits. If you’re interested in innovating at scale to address big challenges in the world, this is the team for you. As a Data Scientist on our team, you'll analyze complex data, develop statistical methodologies, and provide critical insights that shape how we optimize our solutions. Working closely with our Applied Science team, you'll help build robust analytical frameworks to improve healthcare outcomes. This role offers a unique opportunity to impact healthcare through data-driven innovation. Key job responsibilities In this role, you will: - Analyze complex healthcare data to identify patterns, trends, and insights - Develop and validate statistical methodologies - Create and maintain analytical frameworks - Provide recommendations on data collection strategies - Collaborate with Applied Scientists to support model development efforts - Design and implement statistical analyses to validate analytical approaches - Present findings to stakeholders and contribute to scientific publications - Work with cross-functional teams to ensure solutions are built on sound statistical foundations - Design and implement causal inference analyses to understand underlying mechanisms - Develop frameworks for identifying and validating causal relationships in complex systems - Work with stakeholders to translate causal insights into actionable recommendations A day in the life You'll work with large-scale healthcare datasets, conducting sophisticated statistical analyses to generate actionable insights. You'll collaborate with Applied Scientists to validate model predictions and ensure statistical rigor in our approach. Regular interaction with product teams will help translate analytical findings into practical improvements for our services. About the team We represent Amazon's ambitious vision to solve the world's most pressing challenges. We are exploring new approaches to enhance research practices in the healthcare space, leveraging Amazon's scale and technological expertise. We operate with the agility of a startup while backed by Amazon's resources and operational excellence. We're looking for builders who are excited about working on ambitious, undefined problems and are comfortable with ambiguity.
US, NY, New York
The Ads Measurement Science team in the Measurement, Ad Tech, and Data Science (MADS) team of Amazon Ads serves a centralized role developing solutions for a multitude of performance measurement products. We create solutions which measure the comprehensive impact of advertiser's ad spend, including sales impacts both online and offline and across timescales, and provide actionable insights that enable our advertisers to optimize their media portfolios. We also own the science solutions for AI tools that unlock new insights and automate high-effort customer workflows, such as custom query and report generation based on natural language user requests. We leverage a host of scientific technologies to accomplish this mission, including Generative AI, classical ML, Causal Inference, Natural Language Processing, and Computer Vision. As a Senior Applied Scientist on the team, you will be at the forefront of innovation, developing measurement solutions end-to-end from inception to production. You will set the technical vision and innovate on behalf of our customers. You will propose, design, analyze, and productionize models to provide novel measurement insights to our customers. You will partner with engineering to deploy these solutions into production. You will work with key stakeholders from various business teams to enable advertisers to act upon those metrics. Key job responsibilities * Lead the development of ad measurement models and solutions that address the full spectrum of an advertiser's investment, focusing on scalable and efficient methodologies. * Collaborate closely with cross-functional teams including engineering, product management, and business teams to define and implement measurement solutions. * Use state-of-the-art scientific technologies including Generative AI, Classical Machine Learning, Causal Inference, Natural Language Processing, and Computer Vision to develop state of the art models that measure the impact of ad spend across multiple platforms and timescales. * Drive experimentation and the continuous improvement of ML models through iterative development, testing, and optimization. * Translate complex scientific challenges into clear and impactful solutions for business stakeholders. * Mentor and guide junior scientists, fostering a collaborative and high-performing team culture. * Foster collaborations between scientists to move faster, with broader impact. * Regularly engage with the broader scientific community with presentations, publications, and patents. A day in the life You will solve real-world problems by getting and analyzing large amounts of data, generate business insights and opportunities, design simulations and experiments, and develop statistical and ML models. The team is driven by business needs, which requires collaboration with other Scientists, Engineers, and Product Managers across the advertising organization. You will prepare written and verbal presentations to share insights to audiences of varying levels of technical sophistication. Team video https://advertising.amazon.com/help/G4LNN5YWHP6SM9TJ About the team We are a team of scientists across Applied, Research, Data Science and Economist disciplines. You will work with colleagues with deep expertise in ML, NLP, CV, Gen AI, and Causal Inference with a diverse range of backgrounds. We partner closely with top-notch engineers, product managers, sales leaders, and other scientists with expertise in the ads industry and on building scalable modeling and software solutions.
US, WA, Seattle
Innovators wanted! Are you an entrepreneur? A builder? A dreamer? This role is part of an Amazon Special Projects team that takes the company’s Think Big leadership principle to the limits. If you’re interested in innovating at scale to address big challenges in the world, this is the team for you. As a Senior Computational Scientist on our team, you will develop advanced computational methods to analyze complex, multi-modal datasets. You'll work with large-scale structured and unstructured data sources to build predictive models and uncover actionable insights. Our team rewards curiosity while maintaining a laser-focus on bringing products to market. Competitive candidates are responsive, flexible, and able to succeed within an open, collaborative, entrepreneurial environment. Key job responsibilities We're seeking an experienced Computational Scientist to develop innovative solutions for complex data challenges. In this role, you will design end-to-end computational pipelines to process and analyze multi-modal data. You'll develop algorithms that integrate diverse information sources to generate predictions and actionable insights. Building interpretable models that reveal underlying mechanisms and patterns will be central to your work. You'll collaborate with machine learning scientists and domain experts to ensure your approaches are both technically rigorous and practically impactful. You'll work with large-scale proprietary databases and scientific literature to identify meaningful signals. Establishing best practices for data integration, quality assessment, and validation will be important aspects of your role. You'll need deep expertise in computational methods and the ability to communicate complex concepts to diverse audiences while working in an early-stage, rapidly evolving environment. A day in the life You'll work with proprietary datasets and structured knowledge bases, developing computational analyses to understand how various factors influence key outcomes. You'll collaborate with Applied Scientists and Statisticians on predictive models. Regular interaction with domain experts will help translate your findings into practical insights. Given the nature of our work, you'll have significant autonomy in defining approaches and establishing new methodologies. About the team We represent Amazon’s ambitious vision to solve the world’s most pressing challenges. We are exploring new approaches to enhance research practices in the healthcare space, leveraging Amazon’s scale and technological expertise. We operate with the agility of a startup while backed by Amazon’s resources and operational excellence. We’re looking for builders who are excited about working on ambitious, undefined problems and are comfortable with ambiguity.