Social
Trainium x Reactor Rolling Forcing
A kernel-centric path to real-time video generation on Trainium
Using the Neuron Kernel Interface, a Reactor–AWS collaboration tackled the dynamic shapes, memory access patterns, and cache management that make real-time autoregressive diffusion hard—building techniques that generalize across models.
Read more
BioDiscovery-16x9.png
BioDiscovery-9x16.png
Advancing AI for biology
Three new papers from Amazon Bio Discovery address bottlenecks in AI-driven antibody engineering, from benchmarking binding predictors to experimentally validating de novo design.
Read more
CompressionModels-03-16x9.png
Why don’t machine learning research agents overfit?
New research indicates that AI agents learn compressible models of data, which don’t have enough space to enable memorization.
Read more
Verus-16x9.gif
Developing provably correct Rust code with Verus
How the Verus "program verifier", which automatically checks code against a mathematical specification of its functionality, helps increase security assurance in software projects.
Read more
ARG10Year-Image02-16x9.png
A decade of mathematical certainty
Ten years after we founded the Automated Reasoning Group, mathematical logic has moved from academic research into production services that secure millions of customer workloads — demonstrating that systems can be provably correct, not just probably correct.
Read more
A kernel-centric path to real-time video generation on Trainium
Advancing AI for biology
Why don’t machine learning research agents overfit?
Developing provably correct Rust code with Verus
A decade of mathematical certainty

Customer-obsessed science

Our approach
publications-lead-image.png

Research areas

AutomatedReasoning.svg
Automated reasoning
Cloud.svg
Cloud and systems
ComputerVision.svg
Computer vision
ConversationalAI.svg
Conversational AI
Economics.svg
Economics
InfoManagement.svg
Information and knowledge management
MachineLearning.svg
Machine learning
Operations.svg
Operations research and optimization
Quantum Technologies.svg
Quantum technologies
Robotics.svg
Robotics
Search.svg
Search and information retrieval
Security.svg
Security, privacy, and abuse prevention
Sustainability.svg
Sustainability

From the blog

View all
Technical deep-dives and perspectives from our scientists.
View all
View all

Featured news

Georgia Tech Campus
Amazon and Georgia Tech Launch Joint Science Hub
The collaboration will support research in robotics, industrial and systems engineering, and aerospace technology while fostering innovation in foundational and emerging technologies.
fall_2026_cfp_no_topics.png
Amazon Research Awards opens Fall 2026 call for proposals
Submissions open October 1 and close on November 4, 2026
build_on_trainium_2026.png
34 Amazon Research Awards Build on Trainium recipients announced
The Build on Trainium program is a $110 million credit initiative supporting AI research at 30 universities including Stanford, UC Berkeley, UIUC, UCLA, CMU, and MIT, with a focus on Responsible AI.
AntibodyBenchmark-01-16x9.png
AWS and Hopkins Engineering announce database for AI/ML antibody design
The Antibody Developability Benchmark is powered by one of the most diverse antibody datasets in public literature, enabling transparent performance evaluation for AI-guided antibody design.
AmazonNovaAIChallenge-logo.jpg
2026 Amazon Nova AI Challenge: Trusted Software Agents track
Challenge pushes teams to demonstrate measurable gains in secure-coding performance while building AI agents that advance real-world utility and reliability at scale.
amazonai-phdfellowship-homepage_720.png
Amazon launches $68 million AI PhD Fellowship program
Initiative will fund over 100 doctoral students researching machine learning, computer vision, and natural-language processing at nine universities.

Publications

View all View all
  • Zero-shot generalization in dialog state tracking through generative question answering
    Shuyang Li, Jin Cao, Mukund Sridhar, Henghui Zhu, Shang-Wen Li, Wael Hamza, Julian McAuley
    EACL 2021
    2021
    Dialog State Tracking (DST), an integral part of modern dialog systems, aims to track user preferences and constraints (slots) in ask oriented dialogs. In real-world settings with constantly changing services, DST systems must generalize to new domains and unseen slot types. Existing methods for DST do not generalize well to new slot names and many require known ontologies of slot types and values for inference
    Conversational AI
  • Beyond domain APIs: Task-oriented conversational modeling with unstructured knowledge access track in DSTC9
    Seokhwan Kim, Mihail Eric, Behnam Hedayatnia, Karthik Gopalakrishnan, Yang Liu, Chao-Wei Huang, Dilek Hakkani-Tür
    AAAI 2021 Workshop on DSTC9
    2021
    Most prior work on task-oriented dialogue systems are restricted to a limited coverage of domain APIs, while users oftentimes have domain related requests that are not covered by the APIs. This challenge track aims to expand the coverage of task-oriented dialogue systems by incorporating external unstructured knowledge sources. We define three tasks: knowledge-seeking turn detection, knowledge selection
    Conversational AI
  • Formally verifying FreeRTOS’ interprocess communication mechanism
    Nathan Chong, Bart Jacobs
    Embedded World Exhibition & Conference 2021
    2021
    FreeRTOS is a real-time kernel and set of libraries for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The FreeRTOS kernel provides a portable abstraction layer, task scheduling and interprocess communication (IPC) mechanisms. The main IPC mechanism in FreeRTOS is a concurrent queue: a circular buffer data structure that tasks and interrupt service routines use to exchange messages. As a fundamental building block
    Security, privacy, and abuse prevention
  • Graph neural networks inspired by classical iterative algorithms
    Yongyi YANG, Tang Liu, Yangkun Wang, Jinjing Zhou, Quan Gan, Zhewei Wei, Zheng Zhang, Zengfeng Huang, David Wipf
    ICML 2021
    2021
    Despite the recent success of graph neural networks (GNN), common architectures often exhibit significant limitations, including sensitivity to over-smoothing, long-range dependencies, and spurious edges, e.g., as can occur as a result of graph heterophily or adversarial attacks. To at least partially address these issues within a simple transparent framework, we consider a new family of GNN layers designed
    Machine learning
  • Scalable and explainable outfit generation
    Alexander Lorbert, David Neiman, Arik Poznanski, Eduard Oks, Larry Davis
    CVPR 2021 Fourth Workshop on Computer Vision for Fashion, Art and Design
    2021
    We present an end-to-end system for learning outfit recommendations. The core problem we address is how a customer can receive clothing/accessory recommendations based on a current outfit and what type of item the customer wishes to add to the outfit. Using a repository of coherent and stylish outfits, we leverage self-attention to learn a mapping from the current outfit and the customer-requested category
    Computer vision
Load more

Collaborations

View all
Whether you're a faculty member or student, there are number of ways you can engage with Amazon.
View all
Russ Tedrake (Massachusetts Institute of Technology).JPG
Gretchen Ertl
Amazon Research Awards
The program offers unrestricted funds and other resources to support research at academic institutions and non-profit organizations in areas that align with our mission.
AI Challenge-178.jpg
Amazon Nova AI Challenge
A global university competition to drive secure innovation in generative AI technology, which focuses on responsible AI and large language model coding security.
Tübingen research center
Credit: Wolfram Scheible
Research collaborations
We partner with particular academic organizations across the world for deep and sustained collaborations in multiple research areas of mutual interest.
Pai-Ling Yin, senior manager of research science, is seen speaking to a classroom, there is a chalkboard behind her and she is gesturing with her hands.
Courtesy of Pai-Ling Yin
Amazon Scholars
We hire world-class academics to work on large-scale technical challenges, while they continue to teach and conduct research at their universities.
View all

Work with us

See more jobs See more jobs
Applied Scientist, SSG Science
IN, KA, Bengaluru
Amazon Devices is an inventive research and development company that designs and engineer high-profile devices like the Kindle family of products, Fire Tablets, Fire TV, Health Wellness, Amazon Echo & Astro products. This is an exciting opportunity to join Amazon in developing state-of-the-art techniques that bring Gen AI on edge for our consumer products. We are looking for exceptional scientists to join our Applied Science team and help develop the next generation of edge models, and optimize them while doing co-designed with custom ML HW based on a revolutionary architecture. Work hard. Have Fun. Make History. Key job responsibilities - Quantize, prune, distill, finetune Gen AI models to optimize for edge platforms - Fundamentally understand Amazon’s underlying Neural Edge Engine to invent optimization techniques - Analyze deep learning workloads and provide guidance to map them to Amazon’s Neural Edge Engine - Use first principles of Information Theory, Scientific Computing, Deep Learning Theory, Non Equilibrium Thermodynamics - Train custom Gen AI models that beat SOTA and paves path for developing production models - Collaborate closely with compiler engineers, fellow Applied Scientists, Hardware Architects and product teams to build the best ML-centric solutions for our devices - Publish in open source and present on Amazon's behalf at key ML conferences - NeurIPS, ICLR, MLSys.
Applied Scientist III - AMZ10564141
US, CA, Culver City
MULTIPLE POSITIONS AVAILABLE Employer: AMAZON.COM SERVICES LLC Offered Position: Applied Scientist III Job Location: Culver City, California Job Number: AMZ10564141 Position Responsibilities: Participate in the design, development, evaluation, deployment and updating of data-driven models and analytical solutions for machine learning (ML) and/or natural language (NL) applications. Develop and/or apply statistical modeling techniques (e.g. Bayesian models and deep neural networks), optimization methods, and other ML techniques to different applications in business and engineering. Routinely build and deploy ML models on available data, and run and analyze experiments in a production environment. Identify new opportunities for research in order to meet business goals. Research and implement novel ML and statistical approaches to add value to the business. Mentor junior engineers and scientists. 40 hours / week, 8:00am-5:00pm, Salary Range: $167,100/year to $226,100/year. Amazon is a total compensation company. Dependent on the position offered, equity, sign-on payments, and other forms of compensation may be provided as part of a total compensation package, in addition to a full range of medical, financial, and/or other benefits. For more information, visit: https://www.aboutamazon.com/workplace/employee-benefits. Amazon.com is an Equal Opportunity-Affirmative Action Employer – Minority / Female / Disability / Veteran / Gender Identity / Sexual Orientation.#0000
Applied Scientist II, Translation Services
IN, TS, Hyderabad
Have you ever wondered how Amazon launches and maintains a consistent customer experience across hundreds of countries and languages it serves its customers? Are you passionate about data and mathematics, and hope to impact the experience of millions of customers? Are you obsessed with designing simple algorithmic solutions to very challenging problems? If so, we look forward to hearing from you! At Amazon, we strive to be Earth's most customer-centric company, where both internal and external customers can find and discover anything they want in their own language of preference. Our Translations Services (TS) team plays a pivotal role in expanding the reach of our marketplace worldwide and enables thousands of developers and other stakeholders (Product Managers, Program Managers, Linguists) in developing locale specific solutions. Amazon Translations Services (TS) is seeking an Applied Scientist to be based in our Hyderabad office. As a key member of the Science and Engineering team of TS, this person will be responsible for designing algorithmic solutions based on data and mathematics for translating billions of words annually across 130+ and expanding set of locales. The successful applicant will ensure that there is minimal human touch involved in any language translation and accurate translated text is available to our worldwide customers in a streamlined and optimized manner. With access to vast amounts of data, technology, and a diverse community of talented individuals, you will have the opportunity to make a meaningful impact on the way customers and stakeholders engage with Amazon and our platform worldwide. Together, we will drive innovation, solve complex problems, and shape the future of e-commerce. Key job responsibilities * Apply your expertise in LLM models to design, develop, and implement scalable machine learning solutions that address complex language translation-related challenges in the eCommerce space. * Collaborate with cross-functional teams, including software engineers, data scientists, and product managers, to define project requirements, establish success metrics, and deliver high-quality solutions. * Conduct thorough data analysis to gain insights, identify patterns, and drive actionable recommendations that enhance seller performance and customer experiences across various international marketplaces. * Continuously explore and evaluate state-of-the-art modeling techniques and methodologies to improve the accuracy and efficiency of language translation-related systems. * Communicate complex technical concepts effectively to both technical and non-technical stakeholders, providing clear explanations and guidance on proposed solutions and their potential impact. About the team We are a start-up mindset team. As the long-term technical strategy is still taking shape, there is a lot of opportunity for this fresh Science team to innovate by leveraging Gen AI technoligies to build scalable solutions from scratch. Our Vision: Language will not stand in the way of anyone on earth using Amazon products and services. Our Mission: We are the enablers and guardians of translation for Amazon's customers. We do this by offering hands-off-the-wheel service to all Amazon teams, optimizing translation quality and speed at the lowest cost possible.
Applied Scientist, FinAuto
IN, KA, Bengaluru
Interested to build the next generation Financial systems that can handle billions of dollars in transactions? Interested to build highly scalable next generation systems that could utilize Amazon Cloud? Massive data volume + complex business rules in a highly distributed and service oriented architecture, a world class information collection and delivery challenge. Our challenge is to deliver the software systems which accurately capture, process, and report on the huge volume of financial transactions that are generated each day as millions of customers make purchases, as thousands of Vendors and Partners are paid, as inventory moves in and out of warehouses, as commissions are calculated, and as taxes are collected in hundreds of jurisdictions worldwide. Key job responsibilities • Understand the business and discover actionable insights from large volumes of data through application of machine learning, statistics or causal inference. • Analyse and extract relevant information from large amounts of Amazon’s historical transactions data to help automate and optimize key processes • Research, develop and implement novel machine learning and statistical approaches for anomaly, theft, fraud, abusive and wasteful transactions detection. • Use machine learning and analytical techniques to create scalable solutions for business problems. • Identify new areas where machine learning can be applied for solving business problems. • Partner with developers and business teams to put your models in production. • Mentor other scientists and engineers in the use of ML techniques. A day in the life • Understand the business and discover actionable insights from large volumes of data through application of machine learning, statistics or causal inference. • Analyse and extract relevant information from large amounts of Amazon’s historical transactions data to help automate and optimize key processes • Research, develop and implement novel machine learning and statistical approaches for anomaly, theft, fraud, abusive and wasteful transactions detection. • Use machine learning and analytical techniques to create scalable solutions for business problems. • Identify new areas where machine learning can be applied for solving business problems. • Partner with developers and business teams to put your models in production. • Mentor other scientists and engineers in the use of ML techniques. About the team The FinAuto TFAW(theft, fraud, abuse, waste) team is part of FGBS Org and focuses on building applications utilizing machine learning models to identify and prevent theft, fraud, abusive and wasteful(TFAW) financial transactions across Amazon. Our mission is to prevent every single TFAW transaction. As a Machine Learning Scientist in the team, you will be driving the TFAW Sciences roadmap, conduct research to develop state-of-the-art solutions through a combination of data mining, statistical and machine learning techniques, and coordinate with Engineering team to put these models into production. You will need to collaborate effectively with internal stakeholders, cross-functional teams to solve problems, create operational efficiencies, and deliver successfully against high organizational standards.
Principal Audio Scientist, Fauna
US, NY, New York
Fauna Robotics is building capable, safe, and delightful robots for everyday life, and voice is one of the most natural ways people will interact with them. Cloud speech and language models are good and getting better, but they can only work with the audio they receive, and a robot is a hard place to listen. Its microphones sit beside motors, fans, and moving joints. It speaks through its own loudspeaker while people talk over it. It moves, turns, and shares a room with several people at once. We are hiring a Principal Audio Scientist to be Fauna's technical authority on how our robots hear. You will design, prototype, and ship the hardest algorithms in the robot's audio system. You will set the audio architecture that other engineers build on, shape hardware decisions across robot generations, mentor the engineers and scientists working on audio, and be the person teams come to when the robot can't hear. Key job responsibilities - Set the long-range science roadmap and technical architecture for the robot's audio system, and serve as Fauna's primary technical authority on robot hearing - Design and implement suppression of the robot's own noise from motors, fans, and moving joints - Design and implement echo cancellation for the robot's own voice, so people can interrupt it naturally - Develop multi-microphone processing that holds up as the robot and the people around it move, including locating who is speaking so the robot can turn toward them - Make on-robot listening decisions robust to internal and external noise sources: wake word, voice activity, and whether speech is directed at the robot - Drive microphone and speaker placement, enclosure acoustics, and vibration isolation decisions with mechanical, electrical, and industrial design, backed by your own measurements - Design the robot-specific data collection and evaluation methods to validate the performance of our audio design - Present audio science and its tradeoffs to senior leadership and partner teams - Mentor scientists and engineers, raising the scientific bar for audio across the organization through design reviews, code reviews, and hiring
Robotics/AI Motor Control Scientist, Fauna
US, NY, New York
We are seeking a Robotics/AI Motor Control Scientist to develop cutting-edge machine learning algorithms for motor control systems in robots. In this role, you will focus on creating and optimizing intelligent motor control strategies to enable robots to perform complex, whole-body tasks. Your contributions will be essential in advancing robotics by enabling fluid, reliable, and safe interactions between robots and their environments. Key job responsibilities - Develop controllers that leverage reinforcement learning, imitation learning, or other advanced AI techniques to achieve natural, robust, and adaptive motor behaviors - Collaborate with multi-disciplinary teams to integrate motor control systems with robotic hardware, ensuring alignment with real-world constraints such as actuator dynamics and energy efficiency - Use simulation and real-world testing to refine and validate control algorithms - Stay updated on advancements in robotics, AI, and control systems to apply advanced techniques to robotic motion challenges - Lead technical projects from conception through production deployment - Mentor junior scientists and engineers - Bridge research initiatives with practical engineering implementation About the team Fauna Robotics, an Amazon company, is building capable, safe, and genuinely delightful robots for everyday life. Our goal is simple: make robots people actually want to live and interact with in everyday human spaces. We believe that future won’t arrive until building for robotics becomes far more accessible. Today, too much effort is spent reinventing the fundamentals. We’re changing that by developing tightly integrated hardware and software systems that make it faster, safer, and more intuitive to create real-world robotic products. Our work spans the full stack: mechanical design, control systems, dynamic modeling, and intelligent software. The focus is not just functionality, but experience. We’re building robots that feel responsive, expressive, and genuinely useful. At Fauna, you’ll work at the frontier of this space, helping define how robots move, manipulate, and interact with people in natural environments. It’s an opportunity to solve hard problems across hardware and software with a team focused on making robotics accessible and joyful to build. If you care about making robotics real for everyone and building systems that are as delightful as they are capable, we’re interested in hearing from you. an opportunity to solve hard problems across hardware and software with a team focused on making robotics accessible and joyful to build. If you care about making robotics real for everyone and building systems that are as delightful as they are capable, we’re interested in hearing from you.
Applied Scientist III, AGI Responsible AI (RAI)
US, CA, Sunnyvale
Amazon's Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) organization is seeking an Applied Scientist III to advance the science of Responsible AI evaluation for large language models and generative AI. In this role, you will lead the design and development of rigorous evaluation methods, benchmarks, and metrics that measure the safety, fairness, robustness, and trustworthiness of frontier models. You will work with large-scale datasets, modern deep learning frameworks, and world-class scientists and engineers to turn research into evaluation systems that shape model launch decisions at Amazon scale. Key job responsibilities - Lead the design and implementation of evaluation frameworks, benchmarks, and metrics for responsible AI, including safety, fairness, robustness, and harmful content. - Build scalable automated evaluation pipelines for large language models, including model-based and human-in-the-loop evaluation. - Partner with pretraining, post-training, and product teams to translate evaluation results into model improvements and launch decisions. - Conduct rigorous experimentation and statistical analysis, and publish research at top venues. - Mentor junior scientists and help raise the scientific bar of the team. - Champion responsible AI practices across the model development lifecycle. About the team The AGI Responsible AI (RAI) team builds the science and systems that make Amazon's large language models safe, fair, and trustworthy. We work on problems spanning safety evaluation, content moderation, watermarking, bias mitigation, and alignment. Our team values scientific rigor, customer obsession, and rapid iteration, and we collaborate closely with pretraining, post-training, and product teams across AGI.
Senior Applied Scientist, Robotics Simulation
US, MA, N.reading
Amazon is seeking exceptional talent to help develop the next generation of advanced robotics systems that will transform automation at Amazon's scale. We're building revolutionary robotic systems that combine cutting-edge AI, sophisticated control systems, and advanced mechanical design to create adaptable automation solutions capable of working safely alongside humans in dynamic environments. This is a unique opportunity to shape the future of robotics and automation at an unprecedented scale, working with world-class teams pushing the boundaries of what's possible in robotic dexterous manipulation, locomotion, and human-robot interaction. This role presents an opportunity to shape the future of robotics through innovative applications of deep learning and large language models. We are seeking a Simulation Applied Scientist to advance the state of the art in physics-based simulation for advanced robotics systems. This role blends research and practical engineering to develop novel simulation methodologies that accelerate robot development and reduce the simulation-to-reality gap, translating theoretical advances into real-world impact. The ideal candidate will work at the intersection of theory and practice, contributing research that directly informs deployed robotic systems. You will join a team that is redefining how robots learn, adapt, and interact with complex, real-world environments. This role uniquely combines fundamental research with real-world deployment. You will pursue core research questions in physics-based simulation while seeing your work translated into production systems, validated on real hardware, and informed by deployment data. Working alongside Simulation Software Engineers, you will help transform research ideas into scalable, production-grade simulation capabilities that directly impact how robots are designed, trained, and deployed. Key job responsibilities - Advance physics-based simulation fidelity for contact-rich manipulation and locomotion - Design and build high-performance simulation tools integrated into a production robotics stack - Translate research ideas into robust, scalable software pipelines - Develop methods to quantify and reduce simulation-to-reality gaps across design, safety, and control - Architect scalable simulation solutions for rigid and deformable body dynamics - Build simulation pipelines optimized for large-scale reinforcement and policy learning - Establish frameworks for continuous simulation improvement using real-world deployment data - Collaborate with engineering, science, and safety teams on simulation requirements and validation About the team Our team is building a comprehensive simulation platform for advanced robotics development, combining locomotion and manipulation capabilities. We operate at the cutting edge of physics simulation, reinforcement learning, and sim-to-real transfer, collaborating with world-class robotics engineers, applied scientists, and mechanical designers in a fast-paced, innovation-driven environment.
(Senior) AI Engineer - Reinforcement Learning Manipulation, RIVR
CH, Zurich
RIVR, an Amazon company, is building Physical AI by deploying autonomous robots for real-world doorstep delivery. Operating daily in diverse urban environments, RIVR's robots continuously learn from and navigate the millions of scenarios encountered during deliveries. By owning the full stack from software to hardware, RIVR is purpose-built for safety, reliability, and the customer from day one. Reinforcement learning is transforming our robotic intelligence, enabling autonomous behavior without human guidance. We are seeking a Senior AI Engineer with deep expertise in reinforcement learning and deep learning, including supervised and self-supervised learning with a focus on dexterous manipulation. Your role will involve leveraging both simulated and real-world data to address practical challenges in dynamic grasping, contact-rich manipulation, and object interaction. If you are passionate about advancing AI and developing innovative solutions, join us in shaping the future of intelligent robotics. Key job responsibilities Develop cutting-edge reinforcement learning algorithms to enable robust, contact-rich dexterous manipulation, translating vision, depth, tactile, and proprioceptive sensor input into precise end-effector and joint-level motor commands. Design, test, and refine algorithms to solve complex real-world manipulation challenges, such as handling diverse package form factors, dynamic hand-offs, and operating door handles or latches. Collaborate with the foundation model team to innovate methods that leverage both simulated and real-world data.
Applied Scientist, TSI Science
US, WA, Seattle
Do you want to join an innovative team of scientists who use machine learning and statistical techniques to help Amazon provide the best customer experience by preventing eCommerce fraud? Are you excited by the prospect of analyzing and modeling terabytes of data and creating state-of-the-art algorithms to solve real world problems? Do you like to own end-to-end business problems/metrics and directly impact the profitability of the company? Do you enjoy collaborating in a diverse team environment? If yes, then you may be a great fit to join the Amazon Selling Partner Trust & Store Integrity Science Team. We are looking for a talented scientist who is passionate to build advanced machine learning systems that help manage the safety of millions of transactions every day and scale up our operation with automation. Key job responsibilities Innovate with the latest GenAI/LLM/VLM technology to build highly automated solutions for efficient fraud detection, risk evaluation and automated operations Design, develop and deploy end-to-end advance machine learning solutions with vision anf GenAi technologies in the Amazon production environment to create impactful business value Learn, explore and experiment with the latest machine learning advancements to create the best customer experience A day in the life You will be working within a dynamic, diverse, and supportive group of scientists who share your passion for innovation and excellence. You'll be working closely with business partners and engineering teams to create end-to-end scalable machine learning solutions that address real-world problems. You will build scalable, efficient, and automated processes for large-scale data analyses, model development, model validation, and model implementation. You will also be providing clear and compelling reports for your solutions and contributing to the ongoing innovation and knowledge-sharing that are central to the team's success.
See more jobs
View from space of a connected network around planet Earth representing the Internet of Things.
Get more from Amazon Science
Subscribe to our newsletter

Amazon.com | Conditions of Use | Privacy | © 1996-2026 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates

Social