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Acute and postacute COVID-19 outcomes among immunologically naive adults during Delta vs Omicron waves

By Margaret K. Doll, Alpana Waghmare, Antje Heit, Brianna Levenson Shakoor, Louise E. Kimball, Nina Ozbek, Rachel L. Blazevic, Larry Mose, Jim Boonyaratanakornkit , Terry L. Stevens-Ayers, Kevin Cornell, Benjamin D. Sheppard, Emma Hampson, Faria Sharmin, Benjamin Goodwin, Jennifer M. Dan, Tom Archie, Terry O’Connor, David E. Heckerman, Frank Schmitz, Michael Boeck, Shane Crotty
2022
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The US arrival of the Omicron variant led to a rapid increase in SARS-CoV-2 infections. While numerous studies report characteristics of Omicron infections among vaccinated individuals or persons with previous infection, comprehensive data describing infections among adults who are immunologically naive are lacking.

To examine COVID-19 acute and postacute clinical outcomes among a well-characterized cohort of unvaccinated and previously uninfected adults who contracted SARS-CoV-2 during the Omicron (BA.1/BA.2) surge, and to compare outcomes with infections that occurred during the Delta wave.

This prospective multisite cohort study included community-dwelling adults undergoing high-resolution symptom and virologic monitoring in 8 US states between June 2021 and September 2022. Unvaccinated adults aged 30 to less than 65 years without an immunological history of SARS-CoV-2 who were at high risk of infection were recruited. Participants were followed for up to 48 weeks, submitting regular COVID-19 symptom surveys and nasal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Data were analyzed from May to October 2022.
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