Amazon Physical Science Fellowship winners announced

Award recognizes three individuals who have shown the skills necessary to bridge the gap between fundamental scientific results in the physical sciences and the development of impactful technologies.

The Amazon Physical Science Fellowship was developed to foster collaboration between Amazon and the physics community for the purpose of accelerating the time from fundamental discovery to real-world application. More than 2,000 physics professors from around the world were invited to identify game-changing discoveries from the past two decades that could lead to products and services that will positively impact future generations.

These three selected fellows demonstrated an ability to identify scientific results from across the physical sciences with the potential to provide broad, positive impacts to society.

The winners are listed below.

Xiwen Gong

Xiwen Gong, PhD, is an assistant professor of chemical engineering at the University of Michigan, where she focuses on developing the next generation of soft electronic materials and devices by utilizing a transdisciplinary approach that unites physics, chemistry, and engineering.

Xiwen Gong
Xiwen Gong

Before joining the University of Michigan, Gong — who is also by courtesy an assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering, materials science and engineering, macromolecular science and engineering, and applied physics — worked as a post-doctoral fellow with Zhenan Bao, the K. K. Lee Professor of Chemical Engineering, at Stanford University’s Department of Chemical Engineering. At Stanford, Gong focused on developing soft and stretchable semiconductors and devices for wearable electronics (inSPIREd Talk). In 2018, Gong earned her PhD in electrical and computer engineering with Edward Sargent, University Professor of electrical and computer engineering, at the University of Toronto. During her PhD studies, Gong focused on the design of novel materials for solar energy harvesting, light emitting, and sensing. Her work has been published in Nature, Nature Materials, Nature Photonics, and other leading science publications. Gong received the Extraordinary Potential Prize and the “Rising Stars in EECS 2017” (Stanford University). In 2018, she was selected as one of the fourteen inaugural Schmidt Science Fellows.

Eric Ma

Eric Y. Ma PhD, is an assistant professor in physics and electrical engineering and computer science and the Georgia Lee Chair in Physics at the University of California, Berkeley. His research focuses on electromagnetic-matter interaction in uncommon regimes.

Eric Ma
Eric Ma

On the one hand, he develops new instruments that use microwave and light to probe the fundamental properties of quantum materials. On the other hand, he creates new devices and structures that use unconventional materials and inverse design to generate, manipulate, and detect electromagnetic fields. His research interests are expansive, though he is particularly excited about beyond-von–Neumann computing and human-computer interface.

Before joining UC Berkeley, Ma earned his PhD in applied physics at Stanford University, where he also conducted postdoc studies in applied physics and electrical engineering. He was also briefly a senior scientist at Apple. Ma is passionate about advancing access to undergraduate research and broadening collaborations between physics and engineering.

Tomas Martin

Tomas Martin, PhD, is senior lecturer in materials physics within the School of Physics at the University of Bristol, and director of the university’s Master of Science in Nuclear Science and Engineering program.

Tomas Martin
Tomas Martin

After earning a PhD at Bristol investigating the electronic properties of diamond surfaces, Martin worked in the renewable energy industry as a bank’s engineer on wind and solar power projects around the world, followed by four years as David Cockayne Junior Research Fellow in Materials at the University of Oxford. Martin is editor-in-chief of the scientific journal Materials Today Communications and is a published science fiction author.'

Martin’s research uses advanced microstructural characterization techniques to understand the structure and chemistry of materials for nuclear power plants, semiconductor devices and aerospace. His work aims to take a holistic approach to materials characterization using a combination of experimental techniques and computer modeling to understand the mechanisms behind materials behavior across the length scales, from individual atomic defects to large-scale stresses and chemistry changes in engineering components.

Martin is part of the core academic team running the University of Bristol’s Interface Analysis Centre microscope facility. His research group uses techniques including atom probe tomography, focused ion beam and electron microscopy, complemented by computational modeling, to understand materials degradation challenges such as corrosion, creep and radiation damage. He works with collaborators in many fields of academic research, as well as with industrial partners including EDF Energy, NNL, Rolls Royce and UKAEA.

Below are the Review Board of the Amazon Physical Science Fellowship, a distinguished group from academia and industry.

Review Board members

Philip Kim.jpg
Philip Kim

Philip Kim - Professor Philip Kim received his B.S in physics at Seoul National University in 1990 and received his Ph.D. in Applied Physics from Harvard University in 1999. He was Miller Postdoctoral Fellow in Physics from University of California, Berkeley during 1999-2001. He then joined the Department of Physics at Columbia University as a faculty member from 2002-2014. In 2014, he moved to Harvard University, where he is Professor of Physics and Professor of Applied Physics.

The focus of Prof. Kim’s group research is the mesoscopic investigation of transport phenomena, particularly, electric, thermal and thermoelectrical properties of low dimensional nanoscale materials. These materials include carbon nanotubes, organic and inorganic nanowires, 2-dimensional mesoscopic single crystals, and single organic molecules.

Professor Kim also received numerous honors and award including Tomassoni-Chisesi Prizes (2018); Vannevar Bush Faculty Fellowship (2018); Oliver E. Buckley Prize, American Physical Society (2014); Dresden Barkhausen Award (2012); IBM Faculty Award (2009); and Ho-Am Science Prize (2008). He is Elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Science (2020) and American Physical Society Fellow (2007). He graduated 21 PhD students and trained 32 postdoctoral fellows.

Young-Kee Kim - Young-Kee Kim is the Louis Block Distinguished Service Professor of Physics and Senior Advisor to the Provost for Global Scientific Initiatives at the University of Chicago. She is an experimental particle physicist, and devotes much of her research to understanding the origin of mass for fundamental particles.

Young-Kee Kim copy.jpg
Young-Kee Kim

Between 2004 and 2006, she co-led the CDF experiment at Fermilab and was Deputy Director of Fermilab between 2006 and 2013. She is currently working on the ATLAS particle physics experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN as well as on accelerator physics research. Prior to Chicago, Young-Kee Kim was Professor of Physics at University of California, Berkeley. She was born in South Korea, and earned her BS and MS in Physics from Korea University, in 1984 and 1986, respectively, and her Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Rochester in 1990.

She conducted her postdoctoral research at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Young-Kee is a Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Physical Society, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Sloan Foundation. She received the Ho-Am Prize, the Women in Science Leadership Award from the Chicago Council of Science and Technology, the University of Rochester’s Distinguished Scholar Medal, and Korea University’s Alumni Award.

Hideo Mabuchi image.jpg
Hideo Mabuchi

Hideo Mabuchi - Hideo Mabuchi received an AB in Physics from Princeton and a PhD in Physics from Caltech. He served as Chair of the Department of Applied Physics at Stanford from 2010-2016.

His early scientific research was focused on understanding open quantum systems, quantum measurement, and the quantum-to-classical transition. In recent years his research group has turned towards fundamental issues of quantum engineering, such as quantum nonlinear dynamics, quantum feedback control and quantum model reduction. Along the way his group has also worked substantially on single-molecule biophysics, quantum information science, and quantum materials.

Major awards include the inaugural Mohammed Dahleh Distinguished Lectureship (UCSB) and a Fellowship from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation.

Matt McIlwain - Managing Director, Madrona Venture Group - Madrona is a venture capital firm based in Seattle, investing in mainly seed and Series A technology-based companies. For over two decades, the firm has been helping technology entrepreneurs launch and grow world-class companies

Matt McIlwain.jpg
Matt McIlwain

At Madrona, Matt invests in a broad range of software and data driven companies with a focus on cloud computing, dataware, intelligent applications and the intersections of innovation (where life science and data science intersect).

He believes in the Learning Loop for entrepreneurs who journey from curiosity to triangulation and decision making. This leads to positive outcomes and ongoing learnings. Matt has been named several times to the Forbes Midas List and list of Top 100 Venture Capitalists by CB Insights and The New York Times.

He was named Emerging Company Director of the year by the Puget Sound Business Journal. In 2011, he received the Washington Policy Center’s Champion of Freedom Award. Matt is a board member (and previous chair) of Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and a board member of Washington Policy Center.

Matt enjoys going on adventures with his family, discussing public policy issues and trying out new technologies. Matt is a graduate of Dartmouth College and holds an MBA from Harvard Business School and a Master’s in Public Policy from Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government.

José Onuchic - José Onuchic is the Harry C & Olga K Wiess Professor of Physics and Astronomy, Chemistry and Biosciences at Rice University and the co-Director of the NSF-sponsored Center for Theoretical Biological Physics. His research looks at theoretical methods for molecular biophysics and gene networks.

Jose Onuchic.jpg
José Onuchic

He introduced the concept of protein folding funnels. Energy landscape theory and the funnel concept provide the framework needed to pose and to address the questions of protein folding and function mechanisms. He developed the tunneling pathways concept for electron transfer in proteins. He is also interested in stochastic effects in genetic networks with applications to bacteria decision-making and cancer. Further expanding his ideas coming from energy landscapes for protein folding, his group is now exploring chromatin folding and function and therefore modeling the 3D structure of the genome. He has received much recognition for his achievements. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2006.

He received the ICTP Prize in honor of Heisenberg in Trieste, Italy (1989) and the Beckman Young Investigator Award (1992). He is a fellow of the American Physical Society (1995), the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2009), the Brazilian Academy of Sciences (2009), the Biophysical Society (2012) and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (2017). He received the Einstein Professorship by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2011).

In 2014 he received the Diaspora Prize from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Industrial Development and Foreign Trade from Brazil. In 2015 he received The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Medal. In 2018 he received National Order of Scientific Merit by the Brazilian National Council in Science and Technology. He received the 2019 American Physical Society’s Max Delbruck Prize in Biological Physics and was elected to Pontifical Academy of Sciences in 2020.

Babak Parviz - Vice President | Amazon — Babak is a Vice President at Amazon, and has led the launch of products/services such as Amazon Care, Amazon Comprehend Medical, Echo Frames, and Amazon Explore.

BabakParviz.jpg
Babak Parviz

Prior to joining Amazon in 2014, Babak was with Google as a Distinguished Engineer and Director at Google [x] where he built Google Glass and founded the robotic surgery and the active contact lens programs.

Babak received his BA in Literature (University of Washington), BS in Electronics (Sharif University of Technology), MS in Physics and MS and PhD in Electrical Engineering (University of Michigan), and completed his postdoctoral fellowship in Chemistry and Chemical Biology at Harvard University. He has received numerous recognitions including NSF Career Award, MIT Technology Review 35, University of Michigan Bicentennial Alumni Award, Time magazine’s best invention of the year, and IEEE CAS Industrial Pioneer Award.

Simone Severini - Simone Severini is a Professor of Physics of Information at University College London and is the Director of Quantum Computing at AWS.

Simone Severini.jpg
Simone Severini

As Director, Simone contributed to grow the initiatives of AWS in Quantum Technologies, including the Amazon Braket service and the AWS Center for Quantum Computing in partnership with Caltech.

During his academic career, Simone served as a grant reviewer for EPSRC (UK), NSF (US), NSFC (China), European Commission, Research Council of Norway, National Science Center (Poland), Dutch Research Council, Israel Science Foundation, MITACS (Canada), NSERC (Computer Science Evaluation Group), The Royal Society (International Exchanges Committee).

Our inspiration

Building on the formulation of Maxwell’s equations in 1865, Heinrich Hertz demonstrated in 1888 that radio waves can be generated, transmitted, and detected in a laboratory setting. Though Hertz doubted this discovery would lead to any practical application, it provided the game-changing experimental results that inspired Guglielmo Marconi to develop a viable radio system, transmitting the first signals across the Atlantic Ocean in 1902.

It took fourteen years from an important experimental observation by Hertz until the radio became widespread. Now, we are interested in identifying key scientific findings since the year 2000 and working with big thinkers who can help foster their development into engineered products and services at a much faster pace. We aim to identify the modern-day equivalents of the Hertz experiment.

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Amazon Ads is a multi-billion dollar global business that delivers advertising experiences across Amazon's owned-and-operated properties (including Prime Video, Twitch, Fire TV, and Amazon.com), third-party publisher networks, and emerging channels like generative AI-powered shopping experiences. As one of the fastest-growing segments of Amazon, we operate at unprecedented scale across desktop, mobile, connected TV, and emerging surfaces. Within Amazon Ads, Traffic Quality is a critical pillar of advertiser trust and marketplace integrity. Our mission is to build advanced capabilities that work at petabyte scale to detect sophisticated invalid traffic (IVT) which includes sophisticated non-human traffic, bot networks, and fraudulent engagement patterns across programmatic advertising. We are on a journey to establish Amazon Ads as an industry leader in traffic quality standards and transparency. Our research agenda focuses on staying ahead of adversarial actors through continuous innovation in detection methodologies, leveraging state-of-the-art techniques in deep learning and generative modeling, user behavior and multi-modal representation learning, anomaly detection, time-series analysis, and sparse labeling methods. We process billions of ad events daily, developing novel algorithms that balance precision and recall while operating under strict latency constraints. Our work directly protects hundreds of millions of dollars in advertiser spend annually while maintaining a seamless user experience. Key job responsibilities As a Data Scientist II in Traffic Quality, you will solve inherently hard problems in advertising fraud detection by applying advanced statistical techniques and machine learning. You'll work on systems that process billions of ad impressions and clicks per day, using Amazon's cloud services including EC2, S3, EMR, Sagemaker, and RedShift. - Define and frame new research problems in fraud detection where neither problem nor solution is well-defined. - Apply new machine learning approaches, models, and algorithms to detect sophisticated invalid traffic. - Apply domain knowledge to perform broad data analysis as a precursor to modeling and build business insights. - Work with unstructured and massive datasets to deliver results. - Produce research reports meeting top-tier external publication standards. - Mentor and develop junior scientists on the team. About the team Here are a few papers published by the team: 1/ [Scaling Generative Pre-training for User Ad Activity Sequences. AdKDD 2023.](https://assets.amazon.science/b7/42/03be071743d5a57cb1656e6caa34/scaling-generative-pre-training-for-user-ad-activity-sequences.pdf) 2/ [SLIDR: Real-time Robot Detection On Online Ads, IAAI 2023, Deployed Highly Innovative Applications of AI Track (AAAI 2023)](https://assets.amazon.science/75/2f/3b7106b143f38f7f4d2806388ace/real-time-detection-of-robotic-traffic-in-online-advertising.pdf) 3/ [Self-supervised Representation Learning Across Sequential and Tabular Features Using Transformers, NeurIPS 2022, First Table Representation Learning Workshop](https://openreview.net/forum?id=wIIJlmr1Dsk)
US, CA, Sunnyvale
We are seeking an Applied Scientist to focus on Robot Navigation. In this role, you'll research and develop advanced navigation systems that enable robots to move reliably and safely through complex, dynamic environments. You'll work across a broad spectrum of navigation approaches—from classical methods to learning-based techniques and foundation models—to build robust solutions for autonomous robot navigation. Key job responsibilities - Develop and implement robust navigation systems that enable reliable autonomous operation in complex, dynamic indoor environments with static and dynamic obstacles - Build simulation-based and on-device evaluation frameworks with comprehensive benchmarks and metrics for systematic comparison of navigation methods - Conduct sim-to-real transfer experiments, analyzing performance gaps and developing techniques to ensure reliable real-world navigation performance - Collaborate with world model, manipulation, and other teams to ensure seamless integration of navigation capabilities into the full robot system - Stay current with the latest advances in robot navigation, spatial reasoning, and related fields, and apply relevant findings to improve system performance - Mentor fellow scientists and engineers while maintaining strong individual technical contributions About the team Fauna Robotics, an Amazon company, is building capable, safe, and genuinely delightful robots for everyday life. Our goal is simple: make robots people actually want to live and interact with in everyday human spaces. We believe that future won’t arrive until building for robotics becomes far more accessible. Today, too much effort is spent reinventing the fundamentals. We’re changing that by developing tightly integrated hardware and software systems that make it faster, safer, and more intuitive to create real-world robotic products.
US, WA, Seattle
Pricing is one of the most consequential decisions Amazon makes — and the science behind it needs to be causally rigorous, not just predictive. The P2 Optimization Science (P2OS) team builds the machine learning systems that power Amazon's pricing decisions at scale: demand lift models, customer lifetime value frameworks, and the experimentation infrastructure that validates whether our pricing changes actually work. We're hiring an Applied Scientist to own causal inference at the intersection of ML and pricing experimentation. This role exists because our team has identified a real gap: the methodological bridge between econometric analysis (owned by our economists) and production-scale ML pipelines (owned by our engineers) needs a practitioner who lives in both worlds. You'll build CATE estimation models, design analysis workflows for pricing weblabs, and develop the reusable causal ML infrastructure that the broader team — including non-ML scientists — can rely on. This is not a research role. The bias here is toward shipping production-quality causal pipelines with real downstream business impact. You'll measure success by what changes in LTV estimates, what pricing errors your models help avoid, and whether the economists on your team can actually use what you build. If you're a scientist who wants to work on hard causal identification problems in a high-stakes production environment — and who finds satisfaction in making rigorous methods accessible to a broader team — this role is for you. Key job responsibilities * Build causal ML pipelines for pricing — Design, train, evaluate, and deploy end-to-end causal estimation models for pricing use cases. * Own the science on heterogeneous treatment effects — Be the team SME on causal ML methodology: identification strategies, model selection, evaluation standards, and the tradeoffs between econometric and ML approaches to causal estimation. * Support pricing experiment analysis — Contribute causal analysis methodology to pricing weblab and A/B test post-analysis; build reusable tooling that economists can use without requiring ML expertise * Connect model outputs to business outcomes — Define, before writing code, what business metric each model moves; deliver model evaluation reports framed around pricing errors avoided and LTV estimate changes. * Evaluate and adopt novel techniques — Assess applicability of emerging causal inference methods (synthetic DiD, generalized random forests, causal representation learning) to Amazon's pricing context; write internal methodology proposals for adoption * Write internal documentation and methodology papers — Produce at least one internal write-up per half that connects a causal ML technique to a concrete pricing use case; make pipelines extensible and well-documented so other scientists can build on them. * Collaborate across disciplines — Partner closely with the Sr. Economist on identification strategy and causal assumptions; work with SDE and DE partners on production deployment; align with PMs on experiment design requirements A day in the life As an Applied Scientist on the P2OS team, your work directly shapes the prices customers see on hundreds of millions of Amazon products. In a given workweek, you might: * Investigate an optimization anomaly in simulation and trace it back to a model input gap or an unmodeled market dynamic * Design an offline evaluation framework to benchmark competing optimization approaches before committing to online testing * Collaborate with Sr. Economists on the identification strategy for the model you're building for a pricing lab * Present a science proposal for incorporating a new competitiveness or inventory signal into an optimization system * Work cross-team with the experimentation platform team on randomization design. * Develop and write up a novel scientific finding — preparing a paper or technical report for submission to a top-tier venue such as KDD, NeurIPS, or the ACM Conference on Economics and Computation
IN, KA, Bengaluru
The Ads Trust Science team, based in Bangalore, is responsible for ensuring that ads are relevant and is of good quality, leading to higher conversion for the sellers and providing a great experience for the customers. We deal with one of the world’s largest product catalog, handle billions of requests a day with plans to grow it by order of magnitude and use automated systems to validate tens of millions of offers submitted by thousands of merchants in multiple countries and languages. In this role, you will build and develop ML models to address content understanding problems in Ads. These models will rely on a variety of visual and textual features requiring expertise in both domains. These models need to scale to multiple languages and countries. You will collaborate with engineers and other scientists to build, train and deploy these models. As part of these activities, you will develop production level code that enables moderation of millions of ads submitted each day.
PL, Gdansk
Have you ever wondered how we give voice to devices — even when they're offline? The Text-to-Speech on Device team at Amazon builds AI-powered voice models that run locally on hardware with limited resources, serving customers across Alexa, automotive, and accessibility experiences for visually impaired users. We sit at the intersection of speech generation, generative AI, and on-device machine learning, and we're looking for a curious, collaborative Applied Scientist to help us push what's possible. In this role, you will research and develop production-ready speech generation models optimized for constrained environments. You will work across the full model lifecycle — from early experimentation and prototyping through to integration on real devices. If you're excited about solving hard scientific problems that directly improve how millions of people interact with technology, we'd love to hear from you. Key job responsibilities - Design and develop end-to-end machine learning models for on-device speech generation, from early research and experimentation through production-ready deployment. - Research and apply advanced techniques in generative AI, model compression, and knowledge distillation to deliver high-quality voice models within tight hardware constraints. - Propose and validate novel scientific approaches by authoring detailed technical specifications and contributing to peer-reviewed publications when appropriate. - Evaluate model performance rigorously, identify improvement opportunities, and iterate on training and inference pipelines to optimize quality and efficiency. - Collaborate with science and engineering teams across cloud and device platforms to bring speech generation capabilities from research prototypes to integrated product experiences. About the team The Text-to-Speech on Device team builds low-footprint AI models for speech generation that run locally on devices such as Android and FireOS platforms. Our models require significantly less computation than cloud-hosted alternatives, enabling offline voice experiences for Alexa, automotive partners, and accessibility solutions. We work closely with device engineering teams and cloud-based speech science teams to deliver the best possible experience for our customers. Our focus in the coming years is expanding the range of voices and languages we support while continuing to improve naturalness and efficiency on constrained hardware.